python - selenium 在使用 FireFox 启动时仅在测试类下正确运行第一个测试

Question

我尝试使用 setUpClass() 和 tearDownClass() 方法在方法之间共享单个 Chrome/Firefox 实例，使用@classmethod装饰器。它在 Chrome 中运行良好，但在 Firefox 中失败。环境如下:

• Win10 x64，
• Python 3.7.2，
• Pycharm 18.3，
• Selenium 3.141.59，
• FireFox 64.0，
• geckodriver v0.23.0，
• Chrome V71.0.3578.98 64 位，
• ChromeDriver 2.45

2 种测试方法的预期结果是 3 和 1。使用 Chrome 运行的测试符合预期，但不适用于 Firefox。

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

caps = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX
caps["marionette"] = True

class SearchTests(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        # create a new Firefox session
        cls.driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=caps, executable_path="my\geckodriver\path")
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
        cls.driver.maximize_window()
        # create a new Chrome session
        # cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome("my\chromedriver\path")
        # cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
        # cls.driver.maximize_window()

        # navigate to the application home page
        cls.driver.get("http://demo-store.seleniumacademy.com/")

    def test_search_by_category(self):
        # get the search textbox
        self.search_field = self.driver.find_element_by_name("q")
        self.search_field.clear()

        # enter search keyword and submit
        self.search_field.send_keys("phone")
        self.search_field.submit()

        # get all the anchor elements which have product names displayed
        # currently on result page using find_elements_by_xpath method
        products = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//h2[@class='product-name']")
        self.assertEqual(3, len(products))

    def test_search_by_name(self):
        # get the search textbox
        self.search_field = self.driver.find_element_by_name("q")
        self.search_field.clear()

        # enter search keyword and submit
        self.search_field.send_keys("salt shaker")
        self.search_field.submit()

        # get all the anchor elements which have product names displayed
        # currently on result page using find_elements_by_xpath method
        products = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//h2[@class='product-name']")
        self.assertEqual(1, len(products))

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        # close the browser window
        cls.driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)

期望是这样的(用Chrome完成的):

test_search_by_category (main.SearchTests) ... ok 
test_search_by_name (main.SearchTests) ... ok
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 14.172s
OK

但是对于 Firefox，它总是显示:

test_search_by_category (main.SearchTests) ... ok
test_search_by_name (main.SearchTests) ... FAIL
FAIL: test_search_by_name (main.SearchTests)
Traceback (most recent call last): 
   File "G:\Thunder\PycharmProject\setests\searchtests.py", line 54, in test_search_by_name 
      self.assertEqual(1, len(products)) 
AssertionError: 1 != 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 13.568s
FAILED (failures=1)

我猜是因为在firefox下运行的selenium无法启动第二个测试方法，因此它使用之前的len(products)值与期望“1”进行比较。

Answer 1

问题是 Firefox 驱动程序在检查元素数量之前不会等待页面重新加载。检查这个问题

https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/4570

一种可能的解决方案是在每次测试运行之前导航到主页。为此，您可以在测试中添加一个 setup 方法，并将获取页面代码以及重置输入框代码移至此 setup 方法中。其外观如下:

def setUp(self):
    # navigate to the application home page
    self.driver.get("http://demo-store.seleniumacademy.com/")
    # get the search textbox
    self.search_field = self.driver.find_element_by_name("q")
    self.search_field.clear()

否则您需要编写代码以确保重新加载页面。