python-3.x - 我怎样才能从二进制图像中分离出细胞

Question

我有一个细胞的二值图像。我想用 python 单独分离这些单元格。每个单元格将保存在图像中。例如，我有 1000 个单元格，那么输出将是 1000 个图像，每个图像包含 1 个单元格。目前，我使用两种方式获取，但输出错误

from skimage.morphology import watershed
from skimage.feature import peak_local_max
from skimage import morphology
import numpy as np
import cv2
from scipy import ndimage
from skimage import segmentation

image=cv2.imread('/home/toanhoi/Downloads/nuclei/9261_500_f00020_mask.png',0)
image=image[300:600,600:900]
# First way: peak_local_max
distance = ndimage.distance_transform_edt(image)
local_maxi = peak_local_max(distance, indices=False, footprint=np.ones((3, 3)), labels=image)
markers = morphology.label(local_maxi)
labels_ws = watershed(-distance, markers, mask=image)
markers[~image] = -1
labels_rw = segmentation.random_walker(image, markers)
cv2.imshow('watershed',labels_rw)
cv2.waitKey(5000)
# Second way way: using contour
_,contours,heirarchy=cv2.findContours(image,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cv2.drawContours(image,contours,-1,(125,125,0),1)

cv2.imshow('contours',image)
cv2.waitKey(5000)

Answer 1

可以通过查找二值图像中的连通分量，使用 scikit-image morphology 的 label() 函数执行相同的操作。虽然找到的单元格数量是 421。 形态学操作，如腐 eclipse /膨胀/关闭/打开也可用于预处理输入图像并获得所需的输出。

from skimage import morphology as morph
from skimage.io import imread, imsave
from skimage.color import rgb2gray
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

im = rgb2gray(imread('sLUel.png'))
#im = (im > 0).astype(np.uint8)

#labeled = morph.label(morph.binary_opening(im, selem=morph.disk(radius=2)), connectivity=2)
labeled = morph.label(im, connectivity=2)

print(len(np.unique(labeled)))
for i in np.unique(labeled)[1:]: # skip the first component since it's the background
    im_obj = np.zeros(im.shape) 
    im_obj[labeled == i] = 1
    imsave('sLUel_{:03d}.png'.format(i), im_obj)

plt.figure(figsize=(20,10))
plt.subplot(121), plt.imshow(im), plt.axis('off'), plt.title('original binary image', size=15)
plt.subplot(122), plt.imshow(labeled, cmap='spectral'), plt.axis('off'), plt.title('connected components (radius 2)', size=15)
plt.show()

输出如下

这里是识别和分离的细胞: