python - 在Python中是否有一种有效的方法来确定两个日期之间每个时间段的小时数？

Question

我编写了一些代码来确定两个日期时间之间每个时间段的小时数。我的代码非常大/复杂，而之前我预计它相对较短/简单。有人建议编写更短/更快/更好的代码来达到相同的结果吗？

逻辑

我想对两个日期时间之间每个时间段的小时数进行求和，称为开始和结束。它们可能相隔数天，也可能在同一小时内发生，但绝不会相同。时间段是预先定义的，并且工作日和周末的时间段不同。 开始和结束的时间不必等于时隙的开始或结束时间。

工作日有 5 个时段，大小不同，分别是:

• 时段 1:00:00 - 05:00
• 时段 2:05:00 - 10:00
• 时段 3:10:00 - 14:00
• 时段 4:14:00 - 20:00
• 时段 5:20:00 - 24:00

周末有 3 个时段，大小不同，分别是:

• 时段 1:00:00 - 08:00
• 时段 2:08:00 - 19:00
• 时段 3:19:00 - 24:00

所需的结果

当我输入以下开始和结束日期时间时，

• 开始 = 2019 年 4 月 1 日 12:00
• 结束 = 2019 年 4 月 10 日 14:00

我期望得到以下结果:

• time_slot_week_day_1 = 35
• time_slot_week_day_2 = 35
• time_slot_week_day_3 = 30
• time_slot_week_day_4 = 42
• time_slot_week_day_5 = 28
• time_slot_weekend_day_1 = 16
• time_slot_weekend_day_2 = 22
• time_slot_weekend_day_3 = 10

到目前为止我的代码

class MyDateRange:
    def __init__(self, name, start_datetime, end_datetime):
        self.name = name
        self.start_datetime = start_datetime
        self.end_datetime = end_datetime


def hours_per_timeslot(date_range):
    # time-slots week days
    time_slots_week = {
        1: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=0), "end": datetime.time(hour=5), "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=5)},
        2: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=5), "end": datetime.time(hour=10), "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=5)},
        3: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=10), "end": datetime.time(hour=14), "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=4)},
        4: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=14), "end": datetime.time(hour=20), "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=6)},
        5: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=20), "end": datetime.time(hour=23, minute=59, second=59, microsecond=999999),
            "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=4)}
    }

    # time-slots weekend days
    time_slots_weekend = {
        1: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=0), "end": datetime.time(hour=8), "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=8)},
        2: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=8), "end": datetime.time(hour=19), "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=11)},
        3: {"begin": datetime.time(hour=19), "end": datetime.time(hour=23, minute=59, second=59, microsecond=999999),
            "diff": datetime.timedelta(hours=5)}
    }

    # dictionary to store outcome of week days
    dict_week = {
        1: datetime.timedelta(),
        2: datetime.timedelta(),
        3: datetime.timedelta(),
        4: datetime.timedelta(),
        5: datetime.timedelta(),
    }

    # dictionary to store outcome of weekend days
    dict_weekend = {
        1: datetime.timedelta(),
        2: datetime.timedelta(),
        3: datetime.timedelta(),
    }

    begin = date_range.start_datetime
    end = date_range.end_datetime
    delta = end - begin

    # calculate the hours per time-slot when begin and en are on the same date.
    if begin.date() == end.date():
        day = calendar.day_name[begin.weekday()]
        # in case it is weekend.
        if day in ["Saturday", "Sunday"]:
            for k, v in time_slots_weekend.items():
                # in case begin and end are in the same time-slot
                if v["begin"] <= begin.time() < v["end"] and v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_weekend[k] = end - begin
                # in case they are not in the same time-slot
                elif v["begin"] <= begin.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_weekend[k] = datetime.datetime.combine(begin.date(), v["end"]) - begin
                    while True:
                        k += 1
                        v = time_slots_weekend[k]
                        if v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                            dict_weekend[k] = end - datetime.datetime.combine(end.date(), v["begin"])
                            break
                        else:
                            dict_weekend[k] = time_slots_week[k]["diff"]

        # in case it is week.
        else:
            for k, v in time_slots_week.items():
                if v["begin"] <= begin.time() < v["end"] and v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_week[k] = end - begin
                elif v["begin"] <= begin.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_week[k] = datetime.datetime.combine(begin.date(), v["end"]) - begin
                    while True:
                        k += 1
                        v = time_slots_week[k]
                        if v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                            dict_week[k] = end - datetime.datetime.combine(end.date(), v["begin"])
                            break
                        else:
                            dict_week[k] = time_slots_week[k]["diff"]

    # calculate the hours per time-slot when begin and end are on different date.
    else:
        # calculate the hours per time-slot for begin time until end of day
        day_begin = calendar.day_name[begin.weekday()]
        # in case it is weekend.
        if day_begin in ["Saturday", "Sunday"]:
            for k, v in time_slots_weekend.items():
                if v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_weekend[k] += (datetime.datetime.combine(begin.date(), v["end"])-begin)
                    k += 1
                    while k <= 3:
                        dict_weekend[k] += time_slots_weekend[k]["diff"]
                        k += 1
        # in case it is week.
        else:
            for k, v in time_slots_week.items():
                if v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_week[k] += datetime.datetime.combine(begin.date(), v["end"]) - begin
                    k += 1
                    while k <= 5:
                        dict_week[k] += time_slots_week[k]["diff"]
                        k += 1

        # calculate the hours per time-slot for beginning of day until end time
        day_end = calendar.day_name[end.weekday()]
        # in case it is weekend.
        if day_end in ["Saturday", "Sunday"]:
            for k, v in time_slots_weekend.items():
                if v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_weekend[k] += end - datetime.datetime.combine(end.date(), v["begin"])
                    k -= 1
                    while k > 0:
                        dict_weekend[k] += time_slots_weekend[k]["diff"]
                        k -= 1
        # in case it is week.
        else:
            for k, v in time_slots_week.items():
                if v["begin"] <= end.time() < v["end"]:
                    dict_week[k] += end - datetime.datetime.combine(end.date(), v["begin"])
                    k -= 1
                    while k > 0:
                        dict_week[k] += time_slots_week[k]["diff"]
                        k -= 1

        # in case there are days between begin and end,
        if delta.days > 1:
            counted_days = {}
            for i in range(delta.days-1):
                day = calendar.day_name[(begin + datetime.timedelta(days=i + 1)).weekday()]
                counted_days[day] = counted_days[day] + 1 if day in counted_days else 1
            for k1, v1 in counted_days.items():
                if k1 in ["Saturday", "Sunday"]:
                    for k2 in dict_weekend.keys():
                        dict_weekend[k2] += (time_slots_weekend[k2]["diff"] * v1)
                else:
                    for k2 in dict_week.keys():
                        dict_week[k2] += (time_slots_week[k2]["diff"] * v1)

    # put the results together and convert them into hours.
    results = {}
    for k, v in dict_week.items():
        results["time_slot_week_day_"+str(k)] = v.seconds/60/60

    for k, v in dict_weekend.items():
        results["time_slot_weekend_day_"+str(k)] = v.seconds/60/60

    return results


dr = MyDateRange("test", datetime.datetime(year=2019, month=4, day=21, hour=8), datetime.datetime(year=2019, month=4, day=27, hour=15))
print(hours_per_timeslot(dr))

Answer 1

使用时间、日期时间模块？计算秒然后将其转换回来，不是吗？或者我错过了你不想使用这个的原因？

from datetime import datetime, time
def date_diff_in_Seconds(dt2, dt1):
timedelta = dt2 - dt1
return timedelta.days * 24 * 3600 + timedelta.seconds
#Specified date
date1 = datetime.strptime('2018-01-01 01:00:00', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
#Current date
date2 = datetime.now()
print("\n%d seconds" %(date_diff_in_Seconds(date2, date1)))
print()