python - 如何创建一个包含两个字段作为用户模型类型的表

Question

我正在尝试在 Django 项目中创建一个消息应用程序，我希望该表具有三个字段，“sender”“title”“消息”“接收者”。标题和消息可以声明为字符字段。但我无法将发送者和接收者作为两个外键字段。我不知道这里该用什么。谁能帮我解决这个问题吗？

我尝试使用用户模型将这两个字段声明为ForeignKey。但这没有用。

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
# Create your models here.
class msgs(models.Model):
    to = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    frm = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 255)
    body = models.CharField(max_length=2000)

错误:

msgs.msgs.frm: (fields.E304) Reverse accessor for 'msgs.frm' clashes with reverse accessor for 'msgs.to'.<br>
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'msgs.frm' or 'msgs.to'.<br>
msgs.msgs.frm: (fields.E305) Reverse query name for 'msgs.frm' clashes with reverse query name for 'msgs.to'.<br>
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'msgs.frm' or 'msgs.to'.<br>
msgs.msgs.to: (fields.E304) Reverse accessor for 'msgs.to' clashes with reverse accessor for 'msgs.frm'.<br>
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'msgs.to' or 'msgs.frm'.<br>
msgs.msgs.to: (fields.E305) Reverse query name for 'msgs.to' clashes with reverse query name for 'msgs.frm'.<br>
        HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'msgs.to' or 'msgs.frm'.<br>

Answer 1

正如错误消息所示，由于您与同一模型有两个关系，因此需要为它们指定相关名称。

class msgs(models.Model):
    to = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='to_user')
    frm = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='from_user')
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 255)
    body = models.CharField(max_length=2000)

其他一些提示:

• 使用大写字母作为类名称(类 Message 或类 Msg)
• 如果您希望用户进行多个对话，请使用 models.ForeignKey 而不是 models.OneToOneField