python - 按值获取 python 字典中的项目位置

Question

我有一个Python字典，其中有嵌套的键和值。如何通过提供值来查找对象的索引号。

目前，当我知道对象的索引时，我可以获取特定对象中键的值。

我的意思是，如果我知道该对象在字典中的索引号，我就可以获取该特定对象中的键和值。

my_dict = {
    "ftml": {
        "people": {
            "person": [
                {
                    "@id": "Terach",
                    "@sex": "male",
                    "Death": {
                        "@year": ""
                    },
                    "Midrash": {
                        "@midrah": ""
                    },
                    "Old": {
                        "@age": ""
                    },
                    "Role": {
                        "@role": ""
                    },
                    "birth": {
                        "@year": ""
                    },
                    "father": {
                        "@id": "Nachor"
                    },
                    "mother": {
                        "@id": ""
                    },
                    "spouse": ""
                },
                {
                    "@id": "Avraham",
                    "@sex": "male",
                    "Death": {
                        "@year": "2123"
                    },
                    "Grandson": {
                        "@son1": "Esav",
                        "@son2": "Yaakov"
                    },
                    "Midrash": {
                        "@midrah": ""
                    },
                    "Old": {
                        "@age": "175"
                    },
                    "Role": {
                        "@role": ""
                    },
                    "birth": {
                        "@year": "1948"
                    },
                    "father": {
                        "@id": "Terach"
                    },
                    "mother": {
                        "@id": ""
                    },
                    "spouse": {
                        "@wife1": "Sara"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "@husband": "Avraham",
                    "@id": "Sara",
                    "@sex": "female"
                },
                {
                    "@id": "Nachor",
                    "@sex": "male",
                    "Death": {
                        "@year": ""
                    },
                    "Midrash": {
                        "@midrah": ""
                    },
                    "Old": {
                        "@age": ""
                    },
                    "Role": {
                        "@role": ""
                    },
                    "birth": {
                        "@year": ""
                    },
                    "father": {
                        "@id": "Terach"
                    },
                    "mother": {
                        "@id": ""
                    },
                    "spouse": ""
                },
            ]
        }
    }
}



x = int(input("Type the chronological person number. (i.e 1 is Avraham): "))

print("First Name: ",my_dict['ftml']['people']['person'][x]["@id"]) #1 = avraham

我希望向用户询问 @id 并返回对象的索引号。

例如，如果用户发送程序“Avraham”，程序将返回 1。

如果用户正在寻找 Nachor，程序将返回 0。

Answer 1

我认为修改字典不是一个好主意。这是我的解决方案:

首先获取列表的“位置”，即从中查找内容。

list_to_find = my_dict['ftml']['people']['person']

list_to_find 是一个字典(人)列表，例如

[{"@id": "Terach", '@sex': ...}, {"@id": 'Avraham', ...} ...]

那么你要做的就是搜索所有@id，这样你就可以通过以下方式获取所有@id:

ids = [person['@id'] for person in list_to_find]

然后使用index获取索引:

index = ids.index('Avraham')