matlab - 如何自定义 App Designer 图形的背景？

Question

我想附加一个 Logo 或更改 App Designer uifigure 的整个背景。如何做到这一点？

Answer 1

• 如果要为整个图形设置纯色背景，存在a documented way这样做，例如:

  % When creating a new uifigure:
  fig = uifigure('Color',[R G B])
  % if the uifigure already exists:
  fig.Color = [R G B];
  

• 如果你想改变某个区域的背景颜色，你可以添加一个没有标题或边框的uipanel (uipanel(..., 'BorderType','none','Title','','BackgroundColor',[R G B])).

• 如果您想将一张图片设置为整个图的背景:

  function q41602238a
  %% Turn off some warnings:
  warning off Matlab:structOnObject
  warning off Matlab:HandleGraphics:ObsoletedProperty:JavaFrame
  
  %% 0. Create a uifigure:
  app = uifigure();
  %% 1. Get a handle to the webwindow:
  while true
    try   
       win = struct(struct(app).Controller).Container.CEF;
       break
    catch
       pause(0.1); % Give the figure (webpage) some more time to load
    end
  end 
  %% 2. Find the data_tag of the DOM element we want to edit:
  data_tag = char(struct(app).Controller.ProxyView.PeerNode.getId);
  
  %% 3. Manipulate the DOM via a JS command
  while true
    try
      win.executeJS(['dojo.style(dojo.query("[data-tag^=''' data_tag ''']")[0],"background-image","url(https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg")']);
      break
    catch
      pause(0.1); % Maybe JS is still not ready.
    end
  end
  

  结果:

  

• 如果您想将图像设置为某个区域的背景:

  function q41602238b
  %% Turn off some warnings:
  warning off Matlab:structOnObject
  warning off Matlab:HandleGraphics:ObsoletedProperty:JavaFrame
  
  %% 0. Create a some element:
  app = uifigure();
  pnl = uipanel(app);
  %% 1. Get a handle to the webwindow:
  while true
    try   
       win = struct(struct(app).Controller).Container.CEF;
       % disp(win.URL);
       break
    catch
       pause(0.1); % Give the figure (webpage) some more time to load
    end
  end 
  %% 2. Find the id of the DOM element we want to edit:
  data_tag = char(struct(pnl).Controller.ProxyView.PeerNode.getId);
  widgetId = win.executeJS(['dojo.getAttr(dojo.query("[data-tag^=''' data_tag ''']")[0],"widgetid")']);
  
  %% 3. Manipulate the DOM via a JS command
  dojo_style_prefix = ['dojo.style(dojo.query("#' widgetId(2:end-1) '")[0],'];
  while true
    try
      win.executeJS([dojo_style_prefix '"background-image","url(https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg")']);
  
      break
    catch
      pause(0.1); % Maybe JS is still not ready.
    end
  end
  

  结果:

  

注意事项:

1. 最后两个示例基于以下两个帖子:1 , 2 , 并且操作的原则是添加一个 background-image: "..." 条目到一些所需的 UI 元素的 style 属性(恰好是一个 HTML div).

2. 可以在 this 中找到用于对 App Designer 图形进行编程操作的工具。 GitHub 存储库。

3. 示例图像恰好是一个.svg，这很有趣，因为我们可以导出“常规” MATLAB 图形为这种格式，稍后使用它们作为 uifigure 的背景 :)