c# - DataContractSerializer 和通用列表

Question

我在反序列化 xml 文件中的列表时遇到问题。我的属性是内部的，所以我使用的是 datacontractserializer 而不是 xmlserializer。

我的xml如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Root xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Root">
    <BackgroundColor>
        0,0,255
    </BackgroundColor>
    <RowGap>1</RowGap>
    <Table>
        <TableHeading>"H1"</TableHeading>
        <StartingColumn>A</StartingColumn>
    </Table>
    <Table>
        <TableHeading>"H2"</TableHeading>
        <StartingColumn>B</StartingColumn>
    </Table>    
</Root>

根有表列表。 ListOfTables 未被反序列化。类是

[DataContract()]
public class Root
{
    [OnDeserialized]
    internal void OnSerializingMethod(StreamingContext context)
    {
        if (Table == null)
        {
            Table = new List<TableStructure>();
        }
     }

     [DataMember(Name = "RowGap")]
     internal int RowGap { get; set; }

     [DataMember(Name = "TableHeaderBackgroundColor")]
     internal string HdrBackColor  { get; set; }

     [DataMember()]
     internal List<TableStructure> Table { get; set; }
}

[DataContract(Name = "Table", Namespace = "")]
public sealed class TableStructure 
{
    [DataMember]
    public string TableHeading { get; set; }

    [DataMember]
    public string StartingColumn { get; set; }
}

反序列化方法

internal static Root GetSettings()
{
     Root settings;
     using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("Root.xml", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
     {
          using (XmlDictionaryReader reader = XmlDictionaryReader.CreateTextReader(fs, new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas()))
          {
              var x = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Root));
              settings = (Root)x.ReadObject(reader);
              reader.Close();
              fs.Close();
          }
     }
     return settings;
}

这执行没有任何错误，但不加载任何表信息。正在加载 RowGap 和颜色

Answer 1

我修改了您的解决方案以使其工作(也添加了 XML 命名空间):

[DataContract(Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Root")]
public class Root
{
    [OnDeserialized]
    internal void OnSerializingMethod(StreamingContext context)
    {
        if (Table == null)
        {
            Table = new List<TableStructure>();
        }
    }

    [DataMember(Name = "RowGap")]
    internal int RowGap { get; set; }

    [DataMember(Name = "TableHeaderBackgroundColor")]
    internal string HdrBackColor { get; set; }

    [DataMember(Name = "Tables")]
    internal List<TableStructure> Table { get; set; }
}

[DataContract(Name = "Table", Namespace = "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Root")]
public sealed class TableStructure
{
    [DataMember(Name = "StartingColumn")]
    public string TableHeading { get; set; }

    [DataMember(Name = "TableHeading")]
    public string StartingColumn { get; set; }
}

XML 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Root xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Root">
  <BackgroundColor>
    0,0,255
  </BackgroundColor>
  <RowGap>1</RowGap>
  <!-- Used as container element for list -->
  <Tables>
    <Table>
      <!-- Sorted elements alphabetically -->
      <StartingColumn>A</StartingColumn>
      <TableHeading>"H1"</TableHeading>
    </Table>
    <Table>
      <!-- Sorted elements alphabetically -->
      <StartingColumn>B</StartingColumn>
      <TableHeading>"H2"</TableHeading>
    </Table>
  </Tables>
</Root>

注意:DataContractSerializer 会考虑 XML 元素的顺序，如下所述:http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/a891928b-d27a-4ef2-83b3-ee407c6b9187/order-of-data-members-in-the-xml-string-influences-deserialization-datacontractserializer?forum=wcf .由于您没有按字母顺序对元素进行排序，我修改了 XML 文件以满足 DataContractSerializer 的行为。

您可以使用 DataMember 指定 XML 元素的顺序属性及其 DataMember.Order属性(property)。