java - 需要帮助用 Java 解析文件

Question

我目前在做一个小的数据结构项目，我正在尝试获取全国大学的数据；然后对它们进行一些数据操作。我在这里找到了这个数据:http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/university/university.data

但是，这个数据的问题是(我从网站上引用):“这是一个 LISP 可读文件，在数据文件的末尾有一些相关的功能。”我计划获取此数据并将其保存为 .txt 文件。

文件看起来有点像:

(def-instance Adelphi
      (state newyork)
      (control private)
      (no-of-students thous:5-10)
      (male:female ratio:30:70)
      (student:faculty ratio:15:1)
      (sat verbal 500)
      (sat math 475)
      (expenses thous$:7-10)
      (percent-financial-aid 60)
      (no-applicants thous:4-7)
      (percent-admittance 70)
      (percent-enrolled 40)
      (academics scale:1-5 2)
      (social scale:1-5 2)
      (quality-of-life scale:1-5 2)
      (academic-emphasis business-administration)
      (academic-emphasis biology))
(def-instance Arizona-State
      (state arizona)
      (control state)
      (no-of-students thous:20+)
      (male:female ratio:50:50)
      (student:faculty ratio:20:1)
      (sat verbal 450)
      (sat math 500)
      (expenses thous$:4-7)
      (percent-financial-aid 50)
      (no-applicants thous:17+)
      (percent-admittance 80)
      (percent-enrolled 60)
      (academics scale:1-5 3)
      (social scale:1-5 4)
      (quality-of-life scale:1-5 5)
      (academic-emphasis business-education)
      (academic-emphasis engineering)
      (academic-emphasis accounting)
      (academic-emphasis fine-arts))

      ......

文件结尾:

(dfx def-instance (l)
  (tlet (instance (car l) f-list (cdr l))
    (cond ((or (null instance) (consp instance))
           (msg t instance " is not a valid instance name (must be an atom)"))
          (t (make:event instance)
             (push instance !instances)
             (:= (get instance 'features)
                 (tfor (f in f-list)
                   (when (cond ((or (atom f) (null (cdr f)))
                                (msg t f " is not a valid feature "
                                       "(must be a 2 or 3 item list)") nil)
                               ((consp (car f))
                                (msg t (car f) " is not a valid feature "
                                     "name (must be an atom)") nil)
                               ((and (cddr f) (consp (cadr f)))
                                (msg t (cadr f) " is not a valid feature "
                                     "role (must be an atom)") nil)
                               (t t)))
                   (save (cond ((equal (length f) 3)
                                (make:feature (car f) (cadr f) (caddr f)))
                               (t (make:feature (car f) 'value (cadr f)))))))
             instance))))

(set-if !instances nil)



(dex run-uniq-colleges (l n)
  (tfor (sc in l)
    (when (cond ((ge (length *events-added*) n))
                ((not (get sc 'duplicate))
                 (run-instance sc)
~                 (remprop sc 'features)
                 nil)
                (t (remprop sc 'features) nil)))
    (stop)))

我最感兴趣的数据是学生人数、学术重点和学校名称。

非常感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

您可以处理/使用 Lisp 文件解析器，或者您可以忽略编写它的语言并专注于数据。你提到你需要:

• 学校名称
• 学生人数
• 学术重点

您可以grep 相关关键字(def-instance、no-of-students、academic-emphasis)，这会让您(根据您的示例):

(def-instance Adelphi
      (no-of-students thous:5-10)
      (academic-emphasis business-administration)
      (academic-emphasis biology))
(def-instance Arizona-State
      (no-of-students thous:20+)
      (academic-emphasis business-education)
      (academic-emphasis engineering)
      (academic-emphasis accounting)
      (academic-emphasis fine-arts))

这简化了编写特定解析器的过程(def-instance 后跟名称，然后下一个 def-instance 之前的所有 academic-emphasis 和 no-of-students 均指之前定义的名称)