python - 在 django 上获取用户返回 "AnonymousUser"

Question

我关注了这个tutorial创建自定义用户。在views.py中，我创建了一个通过用户ID(即/users/42)预设用户信息的方法，但结果是AnonymousUser。我应该提到我试图获取的数据库记录存在于我的数据库中。

这是我的 models.py 文件:

from django import forms
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm

class UserProfileManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, date_of_birth, password=None):
        """
        Creates and saves a User with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')

        user = self.model(
            email=self.normalize_email(email),
            date_of_birth=date_of_birth,
        )

        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email, date_of_birth, password):
        """
        Creates and saves a superuser with the given email, date of
        birth and password.
        """
        user = self.create_user(email,
            password=password,
            date_of_birth=date_of_birth
        )
        user.is_admin = True
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user


class UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser):
    email = models.EmailField(
        verbose_name='email address',
        max_length=255,
        unique=True,
        db_index=True,
    )
    date_of_birth = models.DateField()
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    objects = UserProfileManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    #REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['date_of_birth']

    def get_full_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    def get_short_name(self):
        # The user is identified by their email address
        return self.email

    # On Python 3: def __str__(self):
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.email

    def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
        "Does the user have a specific permission?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
        "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
        # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
        return True

    @property
    def is_staff(self):
        "Is the user a member of staff?"
        # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff
        return self.is_admin


class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
    fields, plus a repeated password."""
    password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)

    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ('email', 'date_of_birth')

    def clean_password2(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        return password2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        # Save the provided password in hashed format
        user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user

这是显示用户的方法:

def show_user(request, user_id):
    try:
        user = UserProfile.objects.get(id=user_id)
    except UserProfile.DoesNotExist:
        return None
    template = loader.get_template('index.html')
    context = RequestContext(request, {
        'user': user,
    })
    return HttpResponse(template.render(context))

Answer 1

django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth 将 user 变量注入(inject)到上下文数据中，上下文处理器注入(inject)的变量可以覆盖提供给 RequestContext 的变量。

When context processors are applied

When you use RequestContext, the variables you supply directly are added first, followed any variables supplied by context processors. This means that a context processor may overwrite a variable you’ve supplied, so take care to avoid variable names which overlap with those supplied by your context processors.

Source: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/templates/api/