python - 成功执行 Django python 命令的*唯一*方法是使用 "python ...PATH...django-admin.py [options]"。为什么不能减少呢？

Question

这是 this question 的后续内容.

first step在 Django 教程中说要调用

django-admin.py startproject mysite

但结果是这样的:

R:\jeffy\programming\sandbox>django-admin.py startproject mysite
Usage: django-admin.py subcommand [options] [args]

Options:
  -v VERBOSITY, --verbosity=VERBOSITY
                        Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output,
                        2=verbose output, 3=very verbose output
  --settings=SETTINGS   The Python path to a settings module, e.g.
                        "myproject.settings.main". If this isn't provided, the
                        DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be
                        used.
  --pythonpath=PYTHONPATH
                        A directory to add to the Python path, e.g.
                        "/home/djangoprojects/myproject".
  --traceback           Raise on exception
  --no-color            Don't colorize the command output.
  --version             show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

Type 'django-admin.py help <subcommand>' for help on a specific subcommand.

Available subcommands:

[django]
    check
    compilemessages
    createcachetable
    dbshell
    diffsettings
    dumpdata
    flush
    inspectdb
    loaddata
    makemessages
    makemigrations
    migrate
    runfcgi
    runserver
    shell
    sql
    sqlall
    sqlclear
    sqlcustom
    sqldropindexes
    sqlflush
    sqlindexes
    sqlinitialdata
    sqlmigrate
    sqlsequencereset
    squashmigrations
    startapp
    startproject
    syncdb
    test
    testserver
    validate
Note that only Django core commands are listed as settings are not properly configured (error: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.).

R:\jeffy\programming\sandbox>

这与今天早些时候发生的情况非常不同(有一个旧的 Python 隐藏在不相关的应用程序的安装目录中 - 它已被消除并从 PATH 中删除)。

这也行不通

python django-admin.py startproject mysite

结果:

python: can't open file 'django-admin.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

这也不是:

c:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite

回应:

R:\jeffy\programming\sandbox>c:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite
Usage: django-admin.py subcommand [options] [args]

Options:
  -v VERBOSITY, --verbosity=VERBOSITY
                        Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output,
                        2=verbose output, 3=very verbose output
  --settings=SETTINGS   The Python path to a settings module, e.g.
                        "myproject.settings.main". If this isn't provided, the
                        DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be
                        used.
  --pythonpath=PYTHONPATH
                        A directory to add to the Python path, e.g.
                        "/home/djangoprojects/myproject".
  --traceback           Raise on exception
  --no-color            Don't colorize the command output.
  --version             show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

Type 'django-admin.py help <subcommand>' for help on a specific subcommand.

Available subcommands:

[django]
    check
    compilemessages
    createcachetable
    dbshell
    diffsettings
    dumpdata
    flush
    inspectdb
    loaddata
    makemessages
    makemigrations
    migrate
    runfcgi
    runserver
    shell
    sql
    sqlall
    sqlclear
    sqlcustom
    sqldropindexes
    sqlflush
    sqlindexes
    sqlinitialdata
    sqlmigrate
    sqlsequencereset
    squashmigrations
    startapp
    startproject
    syncdb
    test
    testserver
    validate
Note that only Django core commands are listed as settings are not properly configured (error: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.).

但这确实:

python c:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite

在遵循 this tip 之后，我重复了所有这些命令:

Comment out the entire django-admin.py file, and add this at the top:import sys; print(sys.version, sys.executable)

命令:

django-admin.py startproject mysite

回应:

3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] C:\applications\programming\python_341\python.exe

命令:

python django-admin.py startproject mysite

回应:

python: can't open file 'django-admin.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

命令:

c:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite

回应:

3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] C:\applications\programming\python_341\python.exe

命令:

python c:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite

回应:

3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] C:\applications\programming\python_341\python.exe

作为附加证据:

[R:\]python
Python 3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

按照建议here (感谢@Humdinger)，这可能是路径问题。今天早些时候，在一个不明显的目录中有一个旧版本的 Python，我将其删除了。

这是我的路径

C:\applications\programming\python_341\;
C:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts;
C:\applications\programming\;
.;
C:\Program Files\Common Files\ArcSoft\Bin;
C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;
C:\Program Files\Windows Live\Shared;
C:\Windows;
C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;
C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;
C:\Windows\system32;
C:\applications\programming\apache-ant-1.8.1\bin;
C:\applications\programming\apache-maven-3.1.1\bin;
C:\applications\programming\jdk_7_51\bin;
C:\applications\video\quicktime\QTSystem\;
C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin;
%M2%;
C:\applications\utilities\gpg4win\pub

我浏览了每一个目录并执行了 dir *python* 。唯一匹配的文件如下:

• python34.dll在C:\Windows\System32 (不明白这是什么)
• python.exe和pythonw.exe在C:\applications\programming\python_341
• ipython和ipython3在C:\applications\programming\python_341\Scripts\

仅供引用:Django 版本 1.7c2，Python 版本 3.1.4，Windows 7，32 位。

对这里发生的事情有什么想法吗？为什么不能以任何方式减少此命令而不导致错误？

Answer 1

我在 django 中遇到了同样的问题，并在 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/howto/windows/ 找到了解决方案。那里提到，如果您使用 Django 1.7，那么我们必须在命令提示符下编写 django-admin 而不是 django-admin.py 。希望有帮助。