C# 继承和成员隐藏

Question

我正在 Unity 游戏引擎中开发 2D 太空射击游戏。

我有一个基类，其中包含所有敌方 spaceship 共享的变量，并且该基类包含旨在由派生类的每个实例调用的函数。以这个 void Start() 函数为例:

基类

public class EnemyBaseScript : MonoBehaviour 
{
    // some public/protected variables here

    protected void Start () 
    {
         // some initializations shared among all derived classes
    }
.
.
.
}

---

派生类

public class L1EnemyScript : EnemyBaseScript 
{       
    // Use this for initialization
    void Start () 
    {
        base.Start ();  // common member initializations
        hp = 8;         // hp initialized only for this type of enemy
        speed = -0.02f; // so does speed variable
    }
}

我想你明白了。我希望在 base.Start() 函数中完成常见的初始化，并在此 Start() 函数中完成特定于类的初始化。但是，我收到警告:

Assets/Scripts/L1EnemyScript.cs(7,14): warning CS0108: L1EnemyScript.Start() hides inherited member EnemyBaseScript.Start(). Use the new keyword if hiding was intended

我在 OOP 和 C# 方面缺乏经验，那么按照我的想法做事的正确方法是什么？这个警告是什么意思，我该如何正确处理？

Answer 1

在 C# 中，继承具有相同函数签名的函数将隐藏前一个函数。

Take the example from Microsoft's website :

class Base
{
   public void F() {}
}
class Derived: Base
{
   public void F() {}      // Warning, hiding an inherited name
}

但是隐藏函数可能不是你想要的:

class Base
{
   public static void F() {}
}
class Derived: Base
{
   new private static void F() {}   // Hides Base.F in Derived only
}
class MoreDerived: Derived
{
   static void G() { F(); }         // Invokes Base.F
}

相反，你可以做的是让你的基本功能“虚拟”:

public class EnemyBaseScript : MonoBehaviour 
{
    // some public/protected variables here

    public virtual void Start () 
    {
         // some initializations shared among all derived classes
    }
.
.
.
}

然后我们可以覆盖它:

public class L1EnemyScript : EnemyBaseScript 
{       
    // Use this for initialization
    public override void Start () 
    {
        base.Start ();  // common member initializations
        hp = 8;         // hp initialized only for this type of enemy
        speed = -0.02f; // so does speed variable
    }
}