ruby-on-rails - SQLite3::ConstraintException:列电子邮件不是唯一的

Question

我对 Rails 完全陌生，我几乎不知道自己在做什么。但。问题是:使用 Devise 注册新用户会导致:

SQLite3::ConstraintException: column email is not unique: 
INSERT INTO "users" ("created_at","encrypted_password", "name", "updated_at") 
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)

以及请求参数:

 {"utf8"=>"✓",
 "authenticity_token"=>"1bgk4ovS3JitphVkIvcCZi3ex8QsBq4eEf6ZihQLiHg=",
 "user"=>{"name"=>"Someone",
 "email"=>"8@prosto.me",
 "password"=>"[FILTERED]"},
 "commit"=>"Sign up"}

用户模型:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  # Include default devise modules. Others available are:
  # :token_authenticatable, :confirmable,
  # :lockable, :timeoutable and :omniauthable
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable;
end

数据库迁移:

class DeviseCreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def self.up
    change_table(:users) do |t|
      ## Database authenticatable
      t.string :email,              :null => false, :default => ""
      t.string :name,               :null => false, :default => ""
      t.string :encrypted_password, :null => false, :default => ""

      ## Recoverable
      t.string   :reset_password_token
      t.datetime :reset_password_sent_at

      ## Rememberable
      t.datetime :remember_created_at

      ## Trackable
      t.integer  :sign_in_count, :default => 0
      t.datetime :current_sign_in_at
      t.datetime :last_sign_in_at
      t.string   :current_sign_in_ip
      t.string   :last_sign_in_ip

      ## Confirmable
      # t.string   :confirmation_token
      # t.datetime :confirmed_at
      # t.datetime :confirmation_sent_at
      # t.string   :unconfirmed_email # Only if using reconfirmable

      ## Lockable
      # t.integer  :failed_attempts, :default => 0 # Only if lock strategy is :failed_attempts
      # t.string   :unlock_token # Only if unlock strategy is :email or :both
      # t.datetime :locked_at

      ## Token authenticatable
      # t.string :authentication_token


      # Uncomment below if timestamps were not included in your original model.
      # t.timestamps
    end

    add_index :users, :email,                :unique => true
    add_index :users, :name,                 :unique => true
    add_index :users, :reset_password_token, :unique => true
    # add_index :users, :confirmation_token,   :unique => true
    # add_index :users, :unlock_token,         :unique => true
    # add_index :users, :authentication_token, :unique => true
  end

  def self.down
    # By default, we don't want to make any assumption about how to roll back a migration when your
    # model already existed. Please edit below which fields you would like to remove in this migration.
  end
end

请告诉我是否需要提供任何其他代码。并感谢您提前提供的所有帮助。

更新数据库架构:

ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20131012114812) do

  create_table "users", force: true do |t|
    t.string   "email",                  default: "", null: false
    t.string   "encrypted_password",     default: "", null: false
    t.string   "reset_password_token"
    t.datetime "reset_password_sent_at"
    t.datetime "remember_created_at"
    t.integer  "sign_in_count",          default: 0,  null: false
    t.datetime "current_sign_in_at"
    t.datetime "last_sign_in_at"
    t.string   "current_sign_in_ip"
    t.string   "last_sign_in_ip"
    t.datetime "created_at"
    t.datetime "updated_at"
    t.string   "name"
  end

  add_index "users", ["email"], name: "index_users_on_email", unique: true
  add_index "users", ["reset_password_token"], name: "index_users_on_reset_password_token", unique: true

end

更新 2:认证也有问题。 Devise 会为之前成功注册的任何尝试登录的用户提示“电子邮件或密码无效”。

Answer 1

SQLite 告诉您它正在尝试创建一个新记录，其中一个值将是一封电子邮件，但该电子邮件已经存在一条记录。

读取数据库记录的一种简单方法是在终端窗口中查询数据库:

$ rails console
$ User.all

如果您想查看您的测试数据库，它将与您的设备一起加载:

$ rails console -e=test
$ User.all

查找与您尝试创建的记录具有相同电子邮件地址的记录。

如果这是您第一次使用 Devise，您应该检查一下您的装置。 Devise 目前默认为两个没有属性的灯具。如果您在测试环境中运行，那么这些固定装置将作为两条记录加载到测试数据库中，电子邮件为零值，这是重复的电子邮件值。像下面这样的固定装置会让您传递错误消息。

file: app/test/fixtures/users.yml

one:
  email: user@example.com
  encrypted_password: password1

two:
  email: user2@example.com
  encrypted_password: password2