Python:在写入 csv 文件时避免列的覆盖/不可读

Question

在 Python 2.7 中，我尝试按照以下方式编写 csv 文件:

#do stuff
import csv
with open(newpath1+'\\stats_matrix_LATTICE_NETWORK.csv', 'wb') as f: #Change file name as needed
    writer = csv.writer(f, delimiter='\t', quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE)
    writer.writerows(stats_matrix) #stats_matrix is my list with the values

我得到了这样的可视化效果:

dict1   dict2   dict3   dict4   dict5   dict6   dict7   dict8
8904    89.04   1096    10.959999999999994  39  0.39    8943    89.43   1057    99.61   8943    89.43   1057    10.57   1014    1014    0.0 3.7369914853358561
9358    93.58   642 6.420000000000002   43  0.43    9401    94.01   599 99.57   9401    94.01   599 5.99    0   0   0   0.0
9600    96.0    400 4.0 13  0.13    9613    96.13   387 99.87   9613    96.13   387 3.87    0   0   0   0.0
7595    75.95   2405    24.049999999999997  70  0.7 7665    76.65   2335    99.3    7665    76.65   2335    23.35   0   0   0   0.0

虽然我使用 delimiter='\t'，但我的列不可读。 有没有办法让我放置额外的选项卡以便更有效地分隔列？

Answer 1

根据您用来查看文件的编辑器，您会看到它的显示方式有所不同，具体取决于它处理选项卡的方式。

与其尝试使用 CSV 格式(逗号分隔变量)，为什么不使用空格填充列呢？毕竟，记事本是为了查看文本文件而设计的。只要每一行包含相同数量的列，就可以使用以下函数自动对齐每一列:

data = [
    ["dict1", "dict2", "dict3", "dict4", "dict5", "dict6", "dict7", "dict8", "dict9", "dict10", "dict11", "dict12", "dict13", "dict14", "dict15", "dict16", "dict17", "dict18"],
    ["8904", "89.04", "1096", "10.959999999999994", "39", "0.39", "8943", "89.43", "1057", "99.61", "8943", "89.43", "1057", "10.57", "1014", "1014", "0.0", "3.7369914853358561"],
    ["9358", "93.58", "642", "6.420000000000002", "43", "0.43", "9401", "94.01", "599", "99.57", "9401", "94.01", "599", "5.99", "0", "0", "0", "0.0"],
    ["9600", "96.0", "400", "4.0", "13", "0.13", "9613", "96.13", "387", "99.87", "9613", "96.13", "387", "3.87", "0", "0", "0", "0.0"],
    ["7595", "75.95", "2405", "24.049999999999997", "70", "0.7", "7665", "76.65", "2335", "99.3", "7665", "76.65", "2335", "23.35", "0", "0", "0", "0.0"],
]

def write_cols(filename, data):
    widths = [0] * len(data[0])

    for row in data:
        widths[:] = [max(widths[index], len(str(col))) for index, col in enumerate(row)]

    with open(filename, 'w') as f_output:
        for row in data:
            f_output.write("  ".join("%-*s" % (widths[index], col) for index, col in enumerate(row)) + '\n')

write_cols('output.txt', data)

对于您的数据，它将被写入一个文本文件，该文件将在记事本中显示如下:

dict1  dict2  dict3  dict4               dict5  dict6  dict7  dict8  dict9  dict10  dict11  dict12  dict13  dict14  dict15  dict16  dict17  dict18            
8904   89.04  1096   10.959999999999994  39     0.39   8943   89.43  1057   99.61   8943    89.43   1057    10.57   1014    1014    0.0     3.7369914853358561
9358   93.58  642    6.420000000000002   43     0.43   9401   94.01  599    99.57   9401    94.01   599     5.99    0       0       0       0.0               
9600   96.0   400    4.0                 13     0.13   9613   96.13  387    99.87   9613    96.13   387     3.87    0       0       0       0.0               
7595   75.95  2405   24.049999999999997  70     0.7    7665   76.65  2335   99.3    7665    76.65   2335    23.35   0       0       0       0.0 

这假设您的编辑器使用固定宽度字体。