C# 多线程设计实例

Question

我对 C#/.Net 比较陌生。我正在开发一个需要多线程的桌面应用程序。我想出了下面的模式作为基础。我想知道是否有人可以指出如何在编码、线程安全和高效方面让它变得更好。

希望这是有道理的。

---

public abstract class ThreadManagerBase
{
    // static class variables

    private static ThreadManagerBase instance = null;
    private static BackgroundWorker thread = null;
    private static ProgressBarUIForm progress = null;

    /// <summary>
    /// Create a new instance of this class. The internals are left to the derived class to figure out.
    /// Only one instance of this can run at any time. There should only be the main thread and this thread.
    /// </summary>
    public abstract static ThreadManagerBase NewInstance();

    /// <summary>
    /// Clears the instance.
    /// </summary>
    public static void ClearInstance()
    {
        instance = null;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes the background worker with some presets.
    /// Displays progress bar.
    /// </summary>
    private abstract static void InitializeThread()
    {
        thread = new BackgroundWorker();

        thread.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
        thread.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;

        thread.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(thread_DoWork);
        thread.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(thread_RunWorkerCompleted);
        thread.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(thread_ProgressChanged);

        thread.RunWorkerAsync();

        progress = new ProgressBarUIForm();

        progress.EnableCancelButton = true;

        progress.UserCanceled += new EventHandlerCancelClicked(progress_UserCanceled);

        progress.ShowDialog();

        thread.Dispose();

        thread = null;
    }

    private static void progress_UserCanceled(bool userCanceled)
    {
        thread.CancelAsync();
    }

    private static void thread_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        progress.SetProgressLevel = e.ProgressPercentage;
        progress.SetProgressMessage = e.UserState.ToString();
    }

    private static void thread_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
    {
        progress.Close();

        progress = null;
    }

    private static void thread_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
    {
        ProcessWork();
    }

    private abstract static void ProcessWork()
    {
        // do actuall stuff here.
        // the derived classes will take care of the plumbing.
    }
}

Answer 1

你看过Microsoft Parallel Extensions to .NET Framework 3.5吗？ ？这是一个相当不错的库，可以完成线程处理中的大量工作。

MSDN 上也有很多关于线程模式的文章，您也应该研究一下。线程可以变得非常复杂非常快。很高兴让其他人了解所有可能出错的重要内容，并将其简化为库或模式。当然，如果您不了解任何特定解决方案的陷阱，那也存在危险。因此，无论选择哪种解决方案，请务必仔细研究。