python - 如何获取 pandas 中某个项目的第一次和最后一次出现

Question

我正在分析来自不同传感器的数据。传感器在使用时变为事件状态 (1)。但是，我只需要第一次和最后一次激活的时间(和日期)，而不需要中间的任何时间。找到后，我需要创建一个新的 DataFrame，其中包含第一次和最后一次出现的时间和日期，以及“用户”和“事件”。

我尝试迭代每一行并构建一系列 if-then 语句，但没有成功。我想知道是否有 pandas 函数可以让我高效地完成此操作？这是我的数据的子集。

我刚刚开始掌握 pandas 的窍门，因此我们将不胜感激。

干杯!

import pandas as pd            
cols=['User', 'Activity', 'Coaster1', 'Coaster2', 'Coaster3',
           'Coaster4', 'Coaster5', 'Coffee', 'Door', 'Fridge', u'coldWater',
           'hotWater', 'SensorDate', 'SensorTime', 'RegisteredTime']

 data=[['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:54', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:54', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:55', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:55', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:56', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:56', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 1.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:58', '13:09:00'],
           ['Chris', 'coffee + hot water', 0, 1.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
            0.0, 0.0, '2015-09-21', '13:05:59', '13:09:00']]

  df=pd.DataFrame(data,columns=cols)

所需的输出如下所示:

data_out=[['Chris','coffee + hot water','0','0','0','0','0','0','1','0','0','0','2015-09-21','13:05:54','13:05:56','13:09:00'],['Chris','coffee + hot water','0','1','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','2015-09-21','13:05:58','13:05:59','13:09:00']]

cols_out=['User',
 'Activity',
 'Coaster1',
 'Coaster2',
 'Coaster3',
 'Coaster4',
 'Coaster5',
 'Coffee',
 'Door',
 'Fridge',
 u'coldWater',
 'hotWater',
 'SensorDate',
 'SensorTimeFirst',
'SensorTimeLast',
 'RegisteredTime']


df_out=pd.DataFrame(data_out, columns=cols_out)

Answer 1

您可以尝试groupby和他们apply自定义函数f例如:

def f(x):
    Doormin = x[x['Door'] == 1].min()
    Doormax = x[x['Door'] == 1].max()
    Coaster2min = x[x['Coaster2'] == 1].min()
    Coaster2max = x[x['Coaster2'] == 1].max()    
    Coaster1min = x[x['Coaster1'] == 1].min()
    Coaster1max = x[x['Coaster1'] == 1].max()      
    Door = pd.Series([Doormin['Door'], Doormin['SensorDate'], Doormin['SensorTime'], Doormax['SensorTime'], Doormin['RegisteredTime']], index=['Door','SensorDate','SensorTimeFirst','SensorTimeLast','RegisteredTime'])
    Coaster1 = pd.Series([Coaster1min['Coaster1'], Coaster1min['SensorDate'], Coaster1min['SensorTime'], Coaster1max['SensorTime'], Coaster1min['RegisteredTime']], index=['Coaster1','SensorDate','SensorTimeFirst','SensorTimeLast','RegisteredTime'])
    Coaster2 = pd.Series([Coaster2min['Coaster2'], Coaster2min['SensorDate'], Coaster2min['SensorTime'], Coaster2max['SensorTime'], Coaster2min['RegisteredTime']], index=['Coaster2','SensorDate','SensorTimeFirst','SensorTimeLast','RegisteredTime'])

    return pd.DataFrame([Door, Coaster2, Coaster1])

print df.groupby(['User','Activity']).apply(f)

                            Coaster1  Coaster2  Door RegisteredTime  \
User  Activity                                                        
Chris coffee + hot water 0       NaN       NaN     1       13:09:00   
                         1       NaN         1   NaN       13:09:00   
                         2       NaN       NaN   NaN            NaN   

                            SensorDate SensorTimeFirst SensorTimeLast  
User  Activity                                                         
Chris coffee + hot water 0  2015-09-21        13:05:54       13:05:56  
                         1  2015-09-21        13:05:58       13:05:59  
                         2         NaN             NaN            NaN  

也许您可以通过 fillna 添加 0 而不是 NaN :

df = df.groupby(['User','Activity']).apply(f)
df[['Coaster1','Coaster2','Door']] = df[['Coaster1','Coaster2','Door']].fillna(0)
print df
                            Coaster1  Coaster2  Door RegisteredTime  \
User  Activity                                                        
Chris coffee + hot water 0         0         0     1       13:09:00   
                         1         0         1     0       13:09:00   
                         2         0         0     0            NaN   

                            SensorDate SensorTimeFirst SensorTimeLast  
User  Activity                                                         
Chris coffee + hot water 0  2015-09-21        13:05:54       13:05:56  
                         1  2015-09-21        13:05:58       13:05:59  
                         2         NaN             NaN            NaN