ubuntu - dpkg 错误 : pycompile: not found

Question

sudo apt-get remove --purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common

当我尝试使用上述命令删除 mysql 时出现以下错误:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package 'mysql-client' is not installed, so not removed
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:

  php5-mysqlnd

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove it.

The following extra packages will be installed:

  mysql-server-core-5.5 php5-mysqlnd python-aptdaemon

 python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets python3-aptdaemon python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets

  python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat python3-uno python3-update-manager
  ubuntu-drivers-common update-manager

The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libdbd-mysql-perl* libmysqlclient18* mysql-client-5.5* mysql-common*
  mysql-server* mysql-server-5.5* php5-mysql* phpmyadmin*

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  php5-mysqlnd

The following packages will be upgraded:

  mysql-server-core-5.5 python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets

  python3-aptdaemon python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat

  python3-uno python3-update-manager ubuntu-drivers-common update-manager
10 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 8 to remove and 115 not upgraded.
170 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/4,388 kB of archives.
After this operation, 89.9 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 354910 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../ubuntu-drivers-common_1%3a0.2.91.9_amd64.deb ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/ubuntu-drivers-common.prerm: 12: /var/lib/dpkg/info/ubuntu-drivers-common.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 12: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/ubuntu-drivers-common_1%3a0.2.91.9_amd64.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

/var/lib/dpkg/info/ubuntu-drivers-common.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/ubuntu-drivers-common.postinst: py3compile: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:

 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Preparing to unpack .../python3-update-manager_1%3a0.196.13_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.prerm: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.prerm: py3clean: not found
dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-update-manager_1%3a0.196.13_all.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-update-manager.postinst: py3compile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Preparing to unpack .../python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat.prerm: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat.prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb (--unpack):
 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat.postinst: py3compile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Preparing to unpack .../python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.prerm: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.postinst: py3compile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python3-aptdaemon_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-aptdaemon_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-aptdaemon.postinst: py3compile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:

 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Preparing to unpack .../update-manager_1%3a0.196.13_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/update-manager.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/update-manager.prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/update-manager_1%3a0.196.13_all.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/update-manager.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/update-manager.postinst: py3compile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Preparing to unpack .../python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.prerm: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.prerm: pyclean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: pyclean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets.postinst: pycompile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127
Preparing to unpack .../python-aptdaemon_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.prerm: pyclean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: pyclean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python-aptdaemon_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.postinst: 6: 

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python-aptdaemon.postinst: pycompile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:

 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Preparing to unpack .../python3-uno_1%3a4.2.8-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...

/var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-uno.prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-uno.prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ...

/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: py3clean: not found

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-uno_1%3a4.2.8-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb (--unpack):

 subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 127
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-uno.postinst: 6: /var/lib/dpkg/info/python3-uno.postinst: py3compile: not found

dpkg: error while cleaning up:

 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 127

Errors were encountered while processing:

 /var/cache/apt/archives/ubuntu-drivers-common_1%3a0.2.91.9_amd64.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-update-manager_1%3a0.196.13_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-aptdaemon_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/update-manager_1%3a0.196.13_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python-aptdaemon_1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2_all.deb

 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-uno_1%3a4.2.8-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb

E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我该如何解决？

Answer 1

啊哈，是的。 Debian 包管理的古老“Catch-22”情况。它归结为 Debian 依赖 py3compile 作为 libpython3.x 包的一部分，当该包也提供 py3compile 时；这是不行的，那里。

我也被无法让 py3compile 再次工作所困扰，因为我也删除了整个/usr/[/local]/lib/python3* 目录。

一旦完成，Debian 包管理工具中的任何东西都无法帮助您恢复到正常工作的 Python3 环境。你必须做肉球手术。

在 Debian 中重建 Python3 需要三件关键的事情:

• 恢复 py3compile 脚本(对于大多数人来说，您已经有了)
• 正在恢复 libpython3.7
• 恢复 python 二进制文件

可以从另一个工作的 Debian 主机/系统重新复制/usr[/local]/lib 目录。但这一次，我将详细说明相关故障主机中的步骤(就好像您没有另一台工作主机一样)。

第 1 步 - 下载包

下载受影响的 Debian 软件包:

cd /tmp
apt-get download libpython3.7-minimal
apt-get download python3.7-minimal
apt-get download python3-minimal # (this is important)
apt-get download libpython3.7-stdlib
apt-get download python3.7

第 2 步 - 清理

清理旧东西

rm -rf /usr[/local]/lib/python3.7*
rm -rf /usr[/local]/bin/python3.7*
update-alternatives --remove python3 /usr[/local]/bin/python3.7
hash -r  # removes cached python3 binary path

第 3 步 - 从包中提取文件

让我们提取缺少的py3compile

cd /tmp
dpkg-deb -x python3-minimal_3.7.3-1_amd64.deb missing
dpkg-deb -x python3.7-minimal_3.7.3-2_amd64.deb missing
dpkg-deb -x libpython3.7-minimal_3.7.3-2_amd64.deb missing
dpkg-deb -x libpython3.7-stdlib_3.7.3-2_amd64.deb missing
dpkg-deb -x python3.7_3.7.3-2_amd64.deb missing

第 3 步

在你的根文件系统上手动安装

cd /tmp/missing
ls -lR /tmp/missing  # if you are curious about overwriting your HD
sudo cp -rpfv /tmp/missing/*  /

第 4 步 - 验证

启动Python3

python3
Python 3.7.3 (default, Apr  3 2019, 05:39:12) 
[GCC 8.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

测试导入和显示版本

>>> import sys
>>> print(sys.version_info)
sys.version_info(major=3, minor=7, micro=3, releaselevel='final', serial=0)
>>>
>>> quit()

第 5 步 - 清理我们自己

rm -rf /tmp/missing

第 6 步 - 通过 Debian APT 正式重新安装 Python

dpkg -s -a  | grep  reinstreq
# Any listing also needs to be reinstalled along with python3
apt-get install --reinstall python3

很可能，您有许多包处于“reinstreq”状态的卡住状态。

apt-get autoclean
apt-get autoremove
# (MANY PACKAGES FAILED TO BE INSTALLED)

此时，您必须手动重新安装 apt-get autoremove 列出的每一个...

apt-get install --fix-broken --reinstall <list-of-many-failed-packages>

最后一步 - 重新安装受影响的半状态 Debian 软件包

让我猜猜，你遇到了以下错误:

E: Internal Error, No file name for XXXXXX

我会告诉你，你可能在你的 /etc/apt/sources.list 中有一个更新的 Debian 版本有一段时间了，它向南(坏)，并把那个更新的版本拿走了sources.list 文件(努力恢复到“稳定”版本):这对我来说不是不可恢复的事情，只是你在那里稍微动了一下 Debian 包数据库.. .相当粗鲁。

最后一步的解决方案需要通过重新安装几乎所有东西来恢复和稳定 Debian 包管理数据库。我稍后会详细说明，但给出了要遵循的链接 here .