c# - 一组可以相互比较的自定义类型

Question

我想构建一组基于表示不同类型值的接口(interface)的对象:

integers
strings
datetime

并且这些对象将能够执行如下操作:

IData intValue = new IntData();
IData intValue2 = new IntData();

bool result = intValue.EqualsTo(intValue2);

IData dateTimeData = new DateTimeData();
IData dateTimeData2 = new DateTimeData();

bool result = dateTimeData.GreaterThan(dateTimeData2);

所以我需要一个界面，但我如何设置比较等功能？如果类型是 IEnumerable 怎么办？

public interface IData
{

}

Answer 1

我认为您基本上是在寻找变体类型 的C# 版本。我现在能想到的最接近的东西是 C# dynamics:

  public class DynamicComparer : IComparer<dynamic>
  { // ...

不幸的是，那是非法的，所以你可以求助于

  public class DynamicComparer : IComparer<object>
  {

并在其中实现您想要的逻辑。

头脑 Storm :

我刚刚想到的另一种方法是提供一个带有隐式转换的统一类 - 是的我不推荐这个 - 但我确实喜欢想出最有创意的方式来回答原始问题:

public class MyData : IData, IComparable<MyData>
{
    public static implicit operator MyData(string s)    { /* ... */ }
    public static implicit operator MyData(DateTime dt) { /* ... */ }
    public static implicit operator MyData(int dt)      { /* ... */ }

    // implement IComparable<MyData> members...

    // e.g.:
    private dynamic variant_data; // or, the desired default representation
                                  // for comparisons, e.g. string?
}

更新 这是一个半完整的示例，说明您如何滥用隐式转换来实现您想要的(分离类型的几乎透明比较): https://ideone.com/WwI87

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Program
{
    public class MyData : IEquatable<MyData>, IComparable<MyData>
    {
        public static implicit operator MyData(string s)    { var data = new MyData(); /* TODO */ return data; }
        public static implicit operator MyData(DateTime dt) { var data = new MyData(); /* TODO */ return data; }
        public static implicit operator MyData(int dt)      { var data = new MyData(); /* TODO */ return data; }

        // implement IComparable<MyData> members...
        // implement IEquatable<MyData> members...

        // override object.Equals()
        // override object.GetHashCode()
        public static bool operator <(MyData a, MyData b) { return Comparer<MyData>.Default.Compare(a,b) == -1; }
        public static bool operator >(MyData a, MyData b) { return Comparer<MyData>.Default.Compare(a,b) == +1; }

        // e.g.: 
        // the desired default representation for comparisons, e.g. string?
        // use 'dynamic' on C# 4.0 and beyond
        private object/*dynamic*/ variant_data;

        public int CompareTo(MyData other)
        {
            // TODO implement your own logic
            return GetHashCode().CompareTo(null != other ? other.GetHashCode() : 0);
        }

        // TODO implement your own equality logic:
        public bool Equals(MyData other)
        {
            if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) return false;
            if (ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true;
            return Equals(other.variant_data, variant_data);
        }

        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
            if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;
            if (obj.GetType() != typeof (MyData)) return false;
            return Equals((MyData) obj);
        }

        public override int GetHashCode() { return (variant_data != null ? variant_data.GetHashCode() : 0); }
        public static bool operator ==(MyData left, MyData right) { return Equals(left, right); }
        public static bool operator !=(MyData left, MyData right) { return !Equals(left, right); }
    }

    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var cmp = Comparer<MyData>.Default;

        string s = "123";
        int i = 234;
        DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;

        if (-1  == cmp.Compare(s, i))  Console.WriteLine("s < i"); 
        if (+1 == cmp.Compare(dt, i)) Console.WriteLine("dt > i");

        // or even:
        if ((MyData) s > i) Console.WriteLine("s > i");
        if ((MyData) dt< i) Console.WriteLine("dt < i");
    }
}