python - 更改 yaml 文件中的 python

Question

我必须替换 yaml 文件中的此类标签。
原来被替换的数据存储在一个列表中。
我有这个 YAML 文件

vagrantfile:    
    target: local
    vm:
        provider:
            local:
                box: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
                box_url: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
                box_version: '0'
                chosen_virtualizer: <virtualiser>  # MEERKEUZE: virtualbox OF vmware, STANDAARD 64
                virtualizers:
                    virtualbox:
                        modifyvm:
                            natdnshostresolver1: false
                        showgui: 0
                    vmware:
                        numvcpus: 1
                    parallels:
                        use_linked_clone: 0
                        check_guest_tools: 0
                        update_guest_tools: 0
                machines:
                    vflm_7orc03npv15g:
                        id: <ID> # STRING
                        hostname: <HOSTNAME> # STRING
                        network:
                            private_network: <IP-ADDRESS> #lOKAAL IP, STANDARAARD 192.168.50.101
                            forwarded_port:
                                hon1d:
                                    host: '80'
                                    guest: '80'
                        memory: '<MEGABYTES>' # AANTAL, STANDAARD VEELVOUD VAN 1024
                        cpus: '<CORES>' # AANTAL CPUS, STANDAARD AANTAL CORES - 1, NIET HOGER DAN AANTAL CORES

我可以做什么来更改所有这些标签？

Answer 1

您应该在 YAML 级别执行此操作，只是为了确保如果您的替换强制结果字符串被引用，这实际上会发生。例如。如果您<ID>需要替换为类似 @abc 的内容YAML 文件中的实际行需要变为

id: '@abc'

而不是

id: '@abc' 

如@被预定了。有几个这样的警告，因此在字符串级别上替换不是一个好主意。

你可以这样做:

import sys
import ruamel.yaml

yaml_str = """\
vagrantfile:
    target: local
    vm:
        provider:
            local:
                box: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
                box_url: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
                box_version: '0'
                chosen_virtualizer: <virtualiser>  # MEERKEUZE: virtualbox OF vmware, STANDAARD 64
                virtualizers:
                    virtualbox:
                        modifyvm:
                            natdnshostresolver1: false
                        showgui: 0
                    vmware:
                        numvcpus: 1
                    parallels:
                        use_linked_clone: 0
                        check_guest_tools: 0
                        update_guest_tools: 0
                machines:
                    vflm_7orc03npv15g:
                        id: <ID> # STRING
                        hostname: <HOSTNAME> # STRING
                        network:
                            private_network: <IP-ADDRESS> #lOKAAL IP, STANDARAARD 192.168.50.101
                            forwarded_port:
                                hon1d:
                                    host: '80'
                                    guest: '80'
                        memory: '<MEGABYTES>' # AANTAL, STANDAARD VEELVOUD VAN 1024
                        cpus: '<CORES>' # AANTAL CPUS, STANDAARD AANTAL CORES - 1, NIET HOGER DAN AANTAL CORES
"""


def replace(data, values):
    def do_one(data, values):
        if isinstance(data, dict):
            for k in data:
                data[k] = do_one(data[k], values)
            return data
        elif isinstance(data, list):
            for idx, elem in enumerate(data):
                data[idx] = do_one(elem, values)
            return data
        elif isinstance(data, str):
            for k in values:  # full match
                if data == k:
                    return values[k]
            if '<' in data and '>' in data:
                for k in values:
                    data = data.replace(k, str(values[k]))
                return data


    expanded = { ('<' + k + '>'): v for (k, v) in values.iteritems()}
    do_one(data, expanded)

data = ruamel.yaml.round_trip_load(yaml_str)

replace(data, {
    'BITS': 64,
    'virtualiser': 'virtualbox',
    'HOSTNAME': 'localhost',
    'IP-ADDRESS': '192.168.0.1',
    'ID': '@abc',
    'MEGABYTES': 2048,
    'CORES': 8,
    })

ruamel.yaml.round_trip_dump(data, stream=sys.stdout, indent=4)

这会给你:

vagrantfile:
    target:
    vm:
        provider:
            local:
                box: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x64     # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
                box_url: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x64     # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
                box_version:
                chosen_virtualizer: virtualbox     # MEERKEUZE: virtualbox OF vmware, STANDAARD 64
                virtualizers:
                    virtualbox:
                        modifyvm:
                            natdnshostresolver1:
                        showgui:
                    vmware:
                        numvcpus:
                    parallels:
                        use_linked_clone:
                        check_guest_tools:
                        update_guest_tools:
                machines:
                    vflm_7orc03npv15g:
                        id: '@abc' # STRING
                        hostname: localhost  # STRING
                        network:
                            private_network: 192.168.0.1  #lOKAAL IP, STANDARAARD 192.168.50.101
                            forwarded_port:
                                hon1d:
                                    host:
                                    guest:
                        memory: 2048          # AANTAL, STANDAARD VEELVOUD VAN 1024
                        cpus: 8         # AANTAL CPUS, STANDAARD AANTAL CORES - 1, NIET HOGER DAN AANTAL CORES

请注意:

• 评论被保留
• cpus 的值和memory是整数，不是字符串
• id 的值根据需要得到正确的引用。

上面使用 ruamel.yaml :免责声明 我是该包的作者。您可以对 PyYAML 执行相同的操作，但您将丢失注释，并且您需要将自己限制为 YAML 1.1 标准(从 2005 年开始)，而不是 YAML 1.2 标准(从 2009 年开始)