python - 编写您的第一个 Django 应用程序时，出现 from 错误。导入 View

Question

我开始学习 python-django，我想创建我的第一个 django 应用程序。我正在关注 Django 1.8 教程。在我的项目“mysite”中，有一个源文件夹“polls”。在该文件夹中有一个“views.py”模块，其中定义了“index”函数。还有一个“urls.py”文件:

from django.conf.urls import url

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'), 
]

现在我收到一个错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "/home/ukasz/Pulpit/Python/mysite/polls/urls.py", line 3, in <module>
from . import views
SystemError: Parent module '' not loaded, cannot perform relative import

编辑:使用 woljako 在答案中提供的新信息进行更新

我的 mysite/ursl.py:

 from django.conf.urls import include, url
 from django.contrib import admin

 urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')),
 url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
 ]

我收到一个错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/ukasz/Pulpit/Python/mysite/mysite/urls.py", line 20, in <module>
  url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')),
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 52, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
 File "/usr/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 944, in _find_and_load_unlocked
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
 File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 956, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ImportError: No module named 'polls'

我向 INSTALLED_APPS 应用程序添加了“民意调查”，但仍然没有帮助

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'polls',
]

Answer 1

有几个原因可能会导致这种情况。我有两种可能的解决方案尚未提及。

1. 尝试将 url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')), 替换为 url(r'^polls/', include('mysite. polls.urls')),
2. 您是否记得在 polls 文件夹中包含一个 __init__.py 文件？这是导入工作所必需的。请参阅docs以供引用。只需创建一个名为 __init__.py 的空文件即可。请注意双下划线。

如果这能解决您的问题，请告诉我。