html - 如何在不丢失 HTML 实体的情况下使用 nokogiri 解析 XML？

Question

如果您在后面的部分查看下面的输出，则 ruby​​ 正在删除所有 html 实体。如何在不丢失 HTML 实体的情况下使用 nokogiri 解析 XML？

--- BEFORE ---

<blog:entryFull>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;iframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946&amp;amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</blog:entryFull>

--- AFTER --- 

<blog:entryFull>
piframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"/iframe/p</blog:entryFull>
  </blog:example>

代码如下:

f = File.open(item)

contents = ""
f.each {|line|
  contents << line
}

puts "--- BEFORE ---"
puts contents
puts "--- AFTER ---"

doc = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(contents) 
puts doc
f.close 

Answer 1

您的测试文件可能包含一些无效的 HTML 实体。

Nokogiri .rb:

require 'nokogiri'

puts "--- INVALID ---"
invalid_xml = <<-XML
<blog:entryFull>invalid M&Ms</blog:entryFull><!-- invalid M and M's -->
<blog:entryFull>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;iframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946&amp;amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</blog:entryFull>
XML

doc = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(invalid_xml)
puts doc

puts "--- VALID ---"
valid_xml = <<-XML
<blog:entryFull>valid M&amp;Ms</blog:entryFull><!-- valid M and M's -->
<blog:entryFull>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;iframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946&amp;amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</blog:entryFull>
XML

doc = Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment.parse(valid_xml)
puts doc

结果:

$ ruby nokogiri.rb
--- INVALID ---
<blog:entryFull>invalid M</blog:entryFull><!-- invalid M and M's -->
<blog:entryFull>
piframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"/iframe/p</blog:entryFull>
--- VALID ---
<blog:entryFull>valid M&amp;Ms</blog:entryFull><!-- valid M and M's -->
<blog:entryFull>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;iframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946&amp;amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</blog:entryFull>

所以，

1. 修复输入 XML
2. 使用严格的解析选项

严格解析示例:

invalid_xml = <<-XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<root>
  <blog:entryFull>invalid M&Ms</blog:entryFull>
  <blog:entryFull>
  &lt;p&gt;&lt;iframe src="http://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F39858946&amp;amp;show_artwork=true" width="100%" height="166" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</blog:entryFull>
</root>
XML

begin
  doc = Nokogiri::XML(invalid_xml) do |configure|
    configure.strict # strict parsing
  end
  puts doc
rescue => e
  puts 'INVALID XML'
end