Python 顶级 JSON 索引

Question

我从正在调用的 API 中获取了以下 JSON 文件:

{
  "14500": [
    {
      "5": {
        "versionName": "VersionOne",
        "expand": "executionSummaries",
        "name": "Regression",
        "projectId": 15006,
        "startDate": "",
        "executionSummaries": {
          "executionSummary": []
        }
      },
      "7": {
        "versionName": "VersionOne",
        "expand": "executionSummaries",
        "versionId": 14500,
        "projectId": 15006,
        "startDate": "19/Sep/16",
        "executionSummaries": {
          "executionSummary": []
        }
      },
      "-1": {
        "versionName": "VersionOne",
        "expand": "executionSummaries",
        "name": "Ad hoc",
        "modifiedBy": "",
        "projectId": 15006,
        "startDate": "",
        "executionSummaries": {
          "executionSummary": []
        }
      },
      "recordsCount": 3
    }
  ],
  "14501": [
    {
      "-1": {
        "versionName": "Version 2",
        "expand": "executionSummaries",
        "projectId": 15006,
        "startDate": "",
        "executionSummaries": {
          "executionSummary": []
        }
      },
      "recordsCount": 1
    }
  ],
}

我需要遍历顶层和下一层(例如“14500”和“5”、“7”等)来查找键和值。例如，我需要搜索整个 JSON 文件以查找与“Regression”匹配的名称，并找到“ProjectID”以及可能的其他字符串的该组数据值。我之前通过使用 data["level1"][0]["level2"] 等来完成此操作，但在这种情况下，数字永远不会相同，所以我不知道如何调用它们。我在浏览了这里的一些帖子后写了以下内容，但它只适用于一个级别，不适用于 JSON 中的下一个级别。

request = requests.get(getCyclesURL, headers=headers)
requestData = json.loads(request.text)
requestDataKeys = requestData.keys

for k in requestDataKeys():
    dictionaryIDs = requestData[k]
    for m in requestDataKeys:
        newDictionaryIDs = requestData[k][m]
        for dict in newDictionaryIDs:
            if dict['versionName'] == versionName:
                versionID = dict['versionID']
                print '%s: %s'%(versionName, versionID)

Answer 1

看看惊人的boltons图书馆!它有一个 remap对于您的情况来说，该函数可能有点过大，但了解一下是一件好事。这是从嵌套数据结构中提取所有带有 'name': 'Regression' 的字典的优雅方法:

from boltons.iterutils import remap

# Copy your actual data here
data = {'14500': [{'5': {'name': 'Regression'}, '7': {'name': 'Ad hoc'}}]}

regressions = []

def visit(path, key, value):
    if isinstance(value, dict) and value.get('name') == 'Regression':
        # You can do whatever you want here!
        # If you're here then `value` is a dict
        # and its `name` field equals to 'Regression'.
        regressions.append(value)
    return key, value

remap(data, visit=visit, reraise_visit=False)

assert regressions == [{'name': 'Regression'}]

如果您只需要某个级别的字典，您还可以在visit函数中检查path的长度。