python 3.6安装和lib64

Question

我正在尝试在 openSUSE 42.2 上从源代码安装新的 Python(3.6，几周前发布)。一切

./configure --prefix /home/paul/2017 --enable-optimizations
make
make install

看起来工作得很好，但是当我调用 Shiny 的新解释器时，我收到此错误:

Python 3.6.0 (default, Jan  9 2017, 22:01:27)                                                                                                                                     
[GCC 4.8.5] on linux                                                                                                                                                              
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.                                                                                                            
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/paul/.pythonrc", line 7, in <module>
    import readline
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'readline'

现在，该模块就在那里，它安装在 $PREFIX/lib64/python3.6/lib-dynload/readline.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so 下。只是解释器没有看那里(它完全忽略了 lib64，我用 -vv 检查过)。

更新:需要明确的是，这不仅影响 readline，还影响 lib64 下的所有内容，尤其是 lib-dynload 下的模块。

这似乎是一个已知问题，请参阅 the Python bugtracker 。这是一次相当漫长的交流，结束于

Is there agreement on what needs doing here? I'd like to see this into 3.5 before it reaches its 10th birthday :)

这让我有点困惑。这件事应该得到解决吗？我不记得以前遇到过这个问题，所以我想知道这是否是 3.6 的回归。

显然，任何修复都会受到欢迎。

更新:目前我可以通过将 lib64 下的所有内容符号链接(symbolic link)到 lib 来解决该问题。显然，这不是一个理想的解决方案；至少它一开始就违背了引入 lib64(能够同时拥有 32 位和 64 位版本)的目的。我更喜欢配置文件中的某些内容。

Answer 1

opensuse openSUSE:Factory python3x 有相应的补丁。

链接: Python 3.6 Python 3.8 Python 3.9

规范文件通常是一个很好的起点。

注意:install 步骤将在 /usr/local/bin 中安装 python3。将其更改为 altinstall 可以避免隐藏系统范围的 python3。

安装

创建一个 downloads 变量，指向将保存所有下载文件( python source 和 factory patches )的目录

export downloads=/usr/local/build/downloads

在用户可写目录中:

tar --no-same-owner -xvf $downloads/Python-3.6.4.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.4

patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.6.0-multilib-new.patch
patch -p0  < $downloads/python-3.3.0b1-localpath.patch
patch -p0 < $downloads/python-3.3.0b1-curses-panel.patch

# mind this step, otherwise
# none of the modules in `lib-dynload` could be imported !
autoreconf -i

mkdir build; cd $_
../configure --enable-optimizations --enable-ipv6 \
             --with-fpectl --enable-shared --with-system-ffi \
             --with-system-expat --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions
make -j $(nproc)
# altinstall, not install (see above)
sudo make altinstall

卸载

要删除已安装的文件:

sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/
sudo rm -f /usr/local/lib64/libpython3.6m*
sudo rm -f /usr/local/lib64/libpython3.so
sudo rm -f /usr/local/lib64/pkgconfig/python-3.6*
sudo rm -f /usr/local/bin/python-3.6*

对于python3.7

tar --no-same-owner -xvf $downloads/Python-3.7.3.tar.xz
cd Python-3.7.3
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.7.3-python-3.6.0-multilib.patch
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.7.3-distutils-reproducible-compile.patch
patch -p0 < $downloads/python-3.7.3-python-3.3.0b1-localpath.patch
patch -p0 < $downloads/python-3.7.3-00251-change-user-install-location.patch

# do not forget !
autoreconf -i

mkdir build; cd $_
../configure --enable-optimizations --enable-ipv6 --enable-shared --with-system-ffi --with-system-expat --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions

make -j $(nproc)

sudo make altinstall

对于Python 3.8

tar --no-same-owner -xvf $downloads/Python-3.8.1.tar.xz
cd Python-3.8.1/
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.8.1-F00102-lib64.patch
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.8.1-F00251-change-user-install-location.patch
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.8.1-SUSE-FEDORA-multilib.patch
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.8.1-distutils-reproducible-compile.patch
patch -p1 < $downloads/python-3.8.1-python-3.3.0b1-localpath.patch

# do not forget !
autoreconf -i

mkdir build; cd $_
../configure --enable-optimizations --enable-ipv6 --enable-shared \
             --with-system-ffi --with-system-expat \
             --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions
make -j $(nproc)
# altinstall, not install (see above)
sudo make altinstall