Python UNO (libreoffice) : How to enable auto filters for a sheet

Question

我有一个程序，可以创建 CSV 文件。

现在我想使用 Python UNO 脚本，它可以完成几件事:

1.) 在电子表格中打开 csv 文件

2.) 为所有列启用自动过滤器

3.) 创建宏并将其添加到文档

4.) 将文件另存为 ODS 文件

这个问题只涉及2.)

1.) 正在工作

对于 3.)我可能会提出另一个问题1.) 正在工作(与 pyoo 和 unotools 一起)

到目前为止我的步骤:

我手动启动:

libreoffice --accept='socket,host=localhost,port=2202;urp;' --norestore --nologo --nodefault

我的Python脚本:

与pyoo

import pyoo
# Step 0) connect to UNO bridge
desktop = pyoo.Desktop('localhost', 2002)

# Step 1) open the doc and get the sheet
# This works only if the field separator is a comma.
# I don't know how for example to specify tab as separator instead
doc = desktop.open_spreadsheet('tst.csv')
# I see the spreadsheet opening
sheet = doc.sheets[0] # I get an object of type Sheet

# Step2) set autofilter for active sheet
# no idea how to do

# Step3) create a macro and add it to the document
# no idea how to do but will create another question as 
# soon as step2 is solved

# Step 4) save the sheet
doc.save("tst_pyoo.ods")

或者使用 unotools

import unotools
from unotools.component.calc import Calc
from unotools.unohelper import convert_path_to_url

# Step 0) connect to UNO bridge
context = unotools.connect(unotools.Socket('localhost', 2002))

# Step 1) open document
doc = Calc(ctx, convert_path_to_url('tst.csv')
# I see the spreadsheet opening
sheet = doc.get_sheet_by_index(0)
# I get an object of type unotools.component.calc.Spreadsheet

# Step2) set autofilter for active sheet
# no idea how to do

# Step3) create a macro and add it to the document
# no idea how to do but will create another question as 
# soon as step2 is solved

# Step 4)
doc.store_to_url(convert_path_to_url("tst_unotools.ods"))

预先感谢您的任何反馈

Answer 1

这里是使用直接 PyUNO 而不是包装器库的代码。改编自http://www.imaccanici.org/en.libreofficeforum.org/node/5413.html .

import os
import uno

class UnoObjs:
    "Initializes and stores UNO objects to connect to a document."""
    def __init__(self, filepath=None):
        localContext = uno.getComponentContext()
        resolver = localContext.ServiceManager.createInstanceWithContext(
            "com.sun.star.bridge.UnoUrlResolver", localContext )
        self.ctx = resolver.resolve(
            "uno:socket,host=localhost,port=2002;urp;"
            "StarOffice.ComponentContext")
        self.smgr = self.ctx.ServiceManager
        desktop = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext(
            "com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", self.ctx)
        if filepath:
            fileUrl = uno.systemPathToFileUrl(os.path.realpath(filepath))
            self.document = desktop.loadComponentFromURL(
                fileUrl, "_default", 0, ())
        else:
            self.document = desktop.getCurrentComponent()

def add_autofilter(unoObjs):
    """This adds an autofilter by selecting only the filled spreadsheet area. 
    NOTE: If any cell in the header row of the selection is empty this will
    trigger a popup for interactive user action (must click Yes for the
    Autofilter column header message box)
    """
    dispatcher = unoObjs.smgr.createInstanceWithContext(
        "com.sun.star.frame.DispatchHelper", unoObjs.ctx)
    controller = unoObjs.document.getCurrentController()
    sheet = unoObjs.document.getSheets().getByIndex(0)
    # select a sufficiently big "guess" area, hopefully
    guessRange = sheet.getCellRangeByPosition(0, 0, 150, 10000)
    # look up the actual used area within the guess area
    cursor = sheet.createCursorByRange(guessRange)
    cursor.gotoEndOfUsedArea(False)
    lastcol = cursor.RangeAddress.EndColumn
    lastrow = cursor.RangeAddress.EndRow
    # select the filled part of the spreadsheet
    actualRange = sheet.getCellRangeByPosition(0, 0, lastcol, lastrow)
    controller.select(actualRange)
    # add autofilter
    dispatcher.executeDispatch(
        unoObjs.document.getCurrentController(), ".uno:DataFilterAutoFilter",
        "", 0, ())

add_autofilter(UnoObjs("tst.csv"))

诸如.uno:DataFilterAutoFilter之类的调度程序调用很难找出参数。在大多数情况下，最好使用 UNO API 调用，例如 XTextCursor反而。但是，有一些选项可以确定调度程序调用:

• 使用宏录制器。
• 查看类似 this one 的列表.
• 在 LibreOffice 源代码中查找调用。这是最可靠的，但有时仍然很难确定论点。

关于调度员调用，请参阅https://forum.openoffice.org/en/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=61127 .