python - 如何使用 python 3.x 在文件夹中查找新的/更改的/删除的文件

Question

我有一个工具，可以每天晚上 11 点将新文件添加到 Unix 服务器文件夹中。我想编写一个 python 脚本，在晚上 11.30 启动，它会查找此文件夹中的新文件、删除的文件和修改的文件。这些文件具有唯一名称“123456_0.csv、123456_1.csv”。由于脚本将手动启动，我不想使用繁忙等待模式。我只想使用 python 库。

谢谢。

在下面几行中我的代码(我是Python新手):

def F_CreateArchive(Time_stamp, Added_Filename, Aux_Filename, Field_Names, File_Extension):
        if not os.path.exists(Added_Filename):
            with open(Added_Filename, 'w', newline='') as arch:
                archive_write = csv.DictWriter(arch, fieldnames=Field_Names, delimiter=';')
                archive_write.writeheader()
                folder_files = glob.glob(File_Extension)
                for each_folder_file in folder_files:
                    md5file = hashlib.md5(open(each_folder_file,'rb').read()).hexdigest()
                    archive_write.writerow({'TIMESTAMP': Time_stamp, 'FILENAME': each_folder_file, 'ACTION': 'added', 'MD5': md5file})
        return 0
    def F_CheckAdded(Time_stamp, Added_Filename, Aux_Filename, Field_Names, File_Extension): 
        dict_added_archive = {} 
        dict_folder_file = {} 
        folder_files = glob.glob(file_extension)
        for each_file in folder_files: 
            with open(each_file, 'rb') as file:
                dict_folder_file[each_file] = hashlib.md5(file.read()).hexdigest()

        with open(Added_Filename, 'r') as addfile:
            added_read = csv.DictReader(addfile, delimiter=";")
            for row in added_read:
                if(row['FILENAME'] != ''):
                    dict_added_archive[row['FILENAME']] = row['MD5']
            addfile.seek(0)

        print(dict_folder_file)
        print(dict_added_archive)

        with open(Aux_Filename, 'w', newline='') as aux, open(Added_Filename, 'r') as addfile:
            added_read = csv.DictReader(addfile, delimiter=";")
            aux_write = csv.DictWriter(aux, fieldnames=Field_Names, delimiter=';')
            aux_write.writeheader()
            for filename_folder, md5_folder in dict_folder_file.items():
                if filename_folder in dict_added_archive and md5_folder == dict_added_archive[filename_folder]:
                    print('The file %s hasn\'t been changed.' %filename_folder)
                    for row in added_read:
                        if(row['FILENAME'] == filename_folder):
                            aux_write.writerow(row) 
                    addfile.seek(0)

                elif filename_folder in dict_added_archive and md5_folder != dict_added_archive[filename_folder]:
                    print('The file %s has been modified.' %filename_folder)
                    aux_write.writerow({'TIMESTAMP': Time_stamp, 'FILENAME': filename_folder, 'ACTION': 'added', 'MD5': md5_folder})

                elif filename_folder not in dict_added_archive:
                    print('The file %s is new.' %filename_folder)
                    aux_write.writerow({'TIMESTAMP': Time_stamp, 'FILENAME': filename_folder, 'ACTION': 'added', 'MD5': md5_folder})

            for filename_archive, md5_archive in dict_added_archive.items():
                if filename_archive not in dict_folder_file:
                    print('The file %s has been removed.' %filename_folder)
                    aux_write.writerow({'TIMESTAMP': Time_stamp, 'FILENAME': filename_archive, 'ACTION': 'removed', 'MD5': md5_archive})

Answer 1

• 找到已删除的文件？

  • 您可以将文件名跟踪为 pickle或者在文本文件中并与当前可用文件进行比较

• 查找新文件？

  • 同上
  • 检查os.stat (路径):st_ctime，在所有文件上
• 查找修改过的文件？
  • 检查os.stat (路径):st_mtime，在所有文件上