c# - 如何对采用对象数组并在 ASP.Net MVC 中返回 JsonResult 的 Action 方法进行单元测试

Question

我正在尝试在 Visual C# Unit Test 项目中编写单元测试。

我传递了一个空的 Array 的 Frame 类，它返回一个 JSON 对象。

    [HttpPost]
    public JsonResult SubmitBowlingScore(Frame[] frames)
    {
        int totalScore= 0;
        var objScore = new EngineService();

        for (int i = 0; i < frames.Length; i++)
        {
            Boolean wasSpare = false;

            if (i > 0 && objScore.IsSpare(frames[i-1]))
            {
                wasSpare = true;
            }
            totalScore += objScore.CalculateScore(frames[i], wasSpare);
        }

        return Json("{\"score\":"+ totalScore + "}");
    }

希望通过以下条目进行测试:但不知道如何!!!

 [{""1stRoll"":2,""2ndRoll"":2 ,""3rdRoll"":0},
  {""1stRoll"":4,""2ndRoll"":8 ,""3rdRoll"":0},
  {""1stRoll"":6,""2ndRoll"":2 ,""3rdRoll"":0}];

对于以下单元测试，我们将不胜感激任何帮助/想法/建议。 SubmitBowlingScore() 如何将 Frame [] 数据作为参数？

    [TestMethod]
    public void SubmitBowlingScore()
    {
        //Arrange
        HomeController controller = new HomeController();
        //Act
        JsonResult result = controller.SubmitBowlingScore(**What goes here???**) as JsonResult;

        //Assert
        Assert.IsNotNull(JsonResult, "No JsonResult returned from action method.");
        Assert.AreEqual(@"{[{""1stRoll"":""2"",""2ndRoll"":2 ,""3rdRoll"":0},{""1stRoll"":""2"",""2ndRoll"":8 ,""3rdRoll"":0},{""1stRoll"":""6"",""2ndRoll"":2 ,""3rdRoll"":0}],""Count"":3,""Success"":true}",
               result.Data.ToString());
    }

Answer 1

您将业务逻辑与表示逻辑混合在一起。您应该将 Controller 方法的整个主体移动到一个根据帧计算分数的对象。一旦你得到了它，就没有什么可以在 Controller 中测试了(除非你不信任 MVC 框架..)

我对您的 Frame 模型的再现:

public class Frame
{
    public int FirstRoll { get; set; }
    public int SecondRoll { get; set; }
    public int ThirdRoll { get; set; }
}

这里是作为扩展的业务逻辑。您可能希望将其分解为自己的类，或者可能使其成为您的 EngineService 类的成员。

public static class FrameExtensions
{
    public static int SumFrameScores(this Frame[] frames)
    {
        //break out early if no frames have been recorded
        if (frames.Length == 0) return 0;

        int totalScore = 0;
        var objScore = new EngineService();

        for (int i = 0; i < frames.Length; i++)
        {
            bool wasSpare = objScore.IsSpare(frames[i - 1]);
            totalScore += objScore.CalculateScore(frames[i], wasSpare);
        }

        return totalScore;
    }
}

当您进行测试时，您可以直接针对您的 C# 类/类型进行测试，因此您无需担心 JSON/表示层数据转换。

[TestMethod]
public void SubmitBowlingScore()
{
    //Arrange
    var frames = new Frame[]
    {
            new Frame {FirstRoll = 2, SecondRoll = 2, ThirdRoll = 0},
            new Frame {FirstRoll = 2, SecondRoll = 6, ThirdRoll = 0},
            new Frame {FirstRoll = 0, SecondRoll = 9, ThirdRoll = 0}
    };
    //Act
    var score = frames.SumFrameScores();

    //Assert
    Assert.AreEqual(21, score);
}

最后，您的 Controller 将简化为以下内容:

[HttpPost]
public JsonResult SubmitBowlingScore(Frame[] frames)
{
    var finalScore = frames.SumFrameScores();
    return Json(new { score = finalScore });
}