python - Django 无法检测模型字段的存在

Question

这是我的模型:

class Question(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    question_title = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="no title")
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200, default ="no content")

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.question_title + self.question_text

在我的管理配置页面中，我设置了 QuestionAdmin 类，如下所示:

class QuestionAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    fieldsets = [
        ('Question ID', {'fields':['id_pk']}),
        ('Question content',{'fields':['question_title',"question_text"]})
    ]

然后我将此配置应用到 django 的管理页面:

admin.site.register(Question, QuestionAdmin)

这是我的完整错误跟踪:

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://www.whiletrue.cc/paradox/admin/polls/question/add/

Django Version: 1.11.2
Python Version: 2.7.12
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'polls.apps.PollsConfig']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback:

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
  41.             response = get_response(request)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  187.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  185.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/options.py" in wrapper
  551.                 return self.admin_site.admin_view(view)(*args, **kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  149.                     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py" in _wrapped_view_func
  57.         response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py" in inner
  224.             return view(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/options.py" in add_view
  1508.         return self.changeform_view(request, None, form_url, extra_context)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in _wrapper
  67.             return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  149.                     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in bound_func
  63.                 return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/options.py" in changeform_view
  1408.             return self._changeform_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/options.py" in _changeform_view
  1437.         ModelForm = self.get_form(request, obj)

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/options.py" in get_form
  651.                 % (e, self.__class__.__name__)

Exception Type: FieldError at /paradox/admin/polls/question/add/
Exception Value: Unknown field(s) (id) specified for Question. Check fields/fieldsets/exclude attributes of class QuestionAdmin.

我已经使用manage.py makemigrations和migrate命令更新了后端sqlite数据库，因此在我的数据库表polls_question中，shcema中应该有一个名为id的主键。

Answer 1

问题是 id 字段无法更改，必须呈现为只读字段。以下是如何执行此操作的示例:

class QuestionAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    fieldsets = [
        ('Question ID', {'fields':['id']}),
        ('Question content',{'fields':['question_title',"question_text"]})
    ]
    readonly_fields = ('id', )

您必须在 ModelAdmin 类的 readonly_fields 属性中定义它，该属性必须是列表或元组。