c# - 根据 DTD 验证 XML - 未找到预期的标记

Question

我知道这里也有类似的问题。不幸的是，我找不到任何能为我提供答案的东西。我正在尝试根据现有 DTD 文件验证 XML，但我的代码不断抛出错误

expected DTD markup not found. Line 1 Position 1.

这是 XML 的样子(仅头部，缩写):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE tms PUBLIC "-//Schema//DTD DocuMan TMS V5//EN" "Tms.dtd"[]>
<tms name=...

这是引用的 DTD 的样子(在开头注释版权，省略，为了便于阅读而缩写):

<!ENTITY % para 'p|codeblock|procedural-instructions'>
<!ENTITY % list '(ul|ol)'>
...
...
<!-- simple reference to original dtd -->
<!ENTITY % ST4.dtd SYSTEM "ST4.dtd">
%ST4.dtd;
...
...
<!ELEMENT tms (tmsnode|node|rtf)*>
<!ATTLIST tms
...
...

引用的第二个 DTD 如下所示:

<!ENTITY lt    "&#38;#60;"> <!-- < -->
<!ENTITY gt    "&#38;#62;"> <!-- > -->
<!ENTITY amp   "&#38;#38;"> <!-- & -->
...
...
<!ELEMENT comment (#PCDATA| br | tab)*>
...
...

如果您想知道，没有一个 DTD 有额外的“DOCTYPE”元素。

这是我根据 DTD 读取/验证 XML 文件的代码:

var xml = new XmlDocument();
try
{
    xml.Load(fil);
    var settings = new XmlReaderSettings
    {
        DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Parse,
        ValidationType = ValidationType.DTD,
        XmlResolver = new XmlUrlResolver()
    };
    var context = new XmlParserContext(xml.NameTable,
        new XmlNamespaceManager(xml.NameTable),
        xml.DocumentType.Name, "", xml.DocumentType.PublicId, xml.DocumentType.SystemId, "", "en", XmlSpace.Default);
    using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(fil, settings, context))
    {
        try
        {
            while (reader.Read()){}
        }
        catch (Exception except)
        {
            bkwValidate.ReportProgress(index, Path.GetFileName(fil) + ": " + except.Message);
        }
    }
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
    bkwValidate.ReportProgress(index, Path.GetFileName(fil) + ": " + exception.Message);
}

更新:

原来我在谷歌上搜索到的代码中有一个错误:XmlParserContext 的参数顺序不正确。 internalSubset 的空字符串需要跟在 sysId 之后。现在这让我更进一步:

var context = new XmlParserContext(xml.NameTable,
    new XmlNamespaceManager(xml.NameTable),
    xml.DocumentType.Name,xml.DocumentType.PublicId, xml.DocumentType.SystemId, "","", "en", XmlSpace.Default);

不幸的是，我现在遇到了一个错误

cannot have multiple DTDs

Answer 1

嘿嘿!

问题在于 XmlParserContext:它太详细了!

如果我把它降到最低限度，即使有多个 DTD，它也能正常工作:

var xml = new XmlDocument();
try
{
    xml.Load(fil);
    var settings = new XmlReaderSettings
    {
        DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Parse,
        ValidationType = ValidationType.DTD,
        XmlResolver = new XmlUrlResolver(),
        NameTable = xml.NameTable
    };

    var context = new XmlParserContext(xml.NameTable, new XmlNamespaceManager(xml.NameTable), "en",
        XmlSpace.Preserve);

    using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(fil, settings, context))
    {
        try
        {
            while (reader.Read()) { }
        }
        catch (Exception except)
        {
            bkwValidate.ReportProgress(index, Path.GetFileName(fil) + ": " + except.Message);
        }
    }
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
    bkwValidate.ReportProgress(index, Path.GetFileName(fil) + ": " + exception.Message);
}