python - Tensorflow 导入错误 : No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal' on Windows 10

Question

我正在 Udacity 学习自驾类(class)。我在 Windows 10 中启动了一个通用环境，我能够很好地运行 tensorflow，但我想使用 GPU。

我的 GPU 是 listed作为兼容(GTX 950M)。

我按照 windows 10 上的 tensorflow 说明添加 GPU:

https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_windows

并下载安装cuda_8.0.61_win10

接下来我重新启动了我的环境。我检查它是否正在使用简单的 python 程序:

import tensorflow as tf

# Create TensorFlow object called tensor
hello_constant = tf.constant('Hello World!')

with tf.Session() as sess:
    # Run the tf.constant operation in the session
    output = sess.run(hello_constant)
    print(output)

它执行得很好，如下所示:

(carnd-term1) D:\SelfDrivingCar\tensor-exp>python hello.py
b'Hello World!'

接下来我安装了gpu版的tensorflow:

(carnd-term1) D:\SelfDrivingCar\CarND-Traffic-Sign-Classifier-Project>pip install tensorflow-gpu
Collecting tensorflow-gpu
  Downloading tensorflow_gpu-1.1.0-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl (48.5MB)
    100% |################################| 48.6MB 16kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.10.0 in d:\programdata\anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages (from tensorflow-gpu)
Requirement already satisfied: protobuf>=3.2.0 in d:\programdata\anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages (from tensorflow-gpu)
Requirement already satisfied: wheel>=0.26 in d:\programdata\anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages (from tensorflow-gpu)
Requirement already satisfied: werkzeug>=0.11.10 in d:\programdata\anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages (from tensorflow-gpu)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.11.0 in d:\programdata\anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages (from tensorflow-gpu)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in d:\programdata\anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages (from protobuf>=3.2.0->tensorflow-gpu)
Installing collected packages: tensorflow-gpu
Successfully installed tensorflow-gpu-1.1.0

我重新运行 hello.py 并得到以下内容

(carnd-term1) D:\SelfDrivingCar\tensor-exp>python hello.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "hello.py", line 1, in <module>
    import tensorflow as tf
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "d:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\carnd-term1\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

我删除了环境并使用以下命令重复了整个过程:

pip install --ignore-installed --upgrade https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/windows/gpu/tensorflow_gpu-1.1.0-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl

得到的结果是一样的。

以下内容无效 ( Cannot import Tensorflow for GPU on Windows 10 )，因为在列出的目录中没有名为 cudnn64_6.dll 的文件。

知道为什么会发生导入错误吗？

Answer 1

你需要安装cudnn。目前仅正式支持 5.1 版。不知道 6.0 的重命名技巧是否提到:

Cannot import Tensorflow for GPU on Windows 10