在元素名称和属性中使用多个命名空间的 C# XML 反序列化

Question

我正在尝试读入这段 xml 代码，并且大部分内容都是正确的。我遇到的问题是围绕“元素”元素和具有类型属性的命名空间。

我正在尝试读取的 XML 文件 (text.xml):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <archimate:model xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
     xmlns:archimate="http://www.archimatetool.com/archimate" name="ACME" 
     id="38f940a6-9fc7-4619-9806-fd4d48397af7" version="4.0.0">
    <folder name="Strategy" id="ffc905fd-a78c-4311-b2f6-a188c00ed10a" type="strategy"/>
    <folder name="Business" id="0d806081-438f-4ae5-86d9-8ff5ee4e9f1a" type="business"/>
    <folder name="Application" id="3566e95c-c070-46bb-bde3-f6017ae49dc1" type="application"/>
    <folder name="Technology &amp; Physical" id="4fabc4fa-a882-4843-ae69-170b66df7685" type="technology"/>
    <folder name="Motivation" id="ce5e0874-1c06-41c1-9b95-eec6558afa89" type="motivation">
      <element xsi:type="archimate:Principle" name="Secure the Whole" id="9546e727-f9f7-402a-a4a2-50519d697d75"/>
    </folder>
 </archimate:model>

为 XML 输入和输出标记我的模型的代码:

using System;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace archimate_reporter.Models
{
    public class Folder
    {
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "id")]
        public string Id { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "type")]
        public string Type { get; set; }

        [XmlElement(ElementName = "element")]
        public List<Element> Element { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlRoot(ElementName="element")]
    public class Element
    {
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "type", Form=XmlSchemaForm.Qualified, Namespace="http://www.archimatetool.com/archimate")]
        public string Type { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "model", Namespace = "http://www.archimatetool.com/archimate")]
    public class Model
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "folder", Namespace = "")]
        public List<Folder> Folder { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "xsi", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
        public string Xsi { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "archimate", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
        public string Archimate { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "id")]
        public string Id { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "version")]
        public string Version { get; set; }
    }       
}

调用程序进行测试:

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using archimate_reporter.Models;

namespace archimate_reporter
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Program t = new Program();
            t.DeserializeObject("resource//test.xml");
        }

        private void DeserializeObject(string filename)
        {
            XmlSerializer serializer = new
            XmlSerializer(typeof(Model));
            FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open);
            XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(fs);

            Model i;
            i = (Model)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
            fs.Close();
        }
    }
}

程序抛出堆栈错误:

Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: There is an error in XML document (11, 6). ---> System.InvalidOperationException: The specified type was not recognized: name='Principle', namespace='http://www.archimatetool.com/archimate', at <element xmlns=''>.
    at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationReaderModel.Read2_Element(Boolean isNullable, Boolean checkType)
    at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationReaderModel.Read3_Folder(Boolean isNullable, Boolean checkType)
    at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationReaderModel.Read4_Model(Boolean isNullable, Boolean checkType)
    at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationReaderModel.Read5_model()
    --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
    at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Deserialize(XmlReader xmlReader, String encodingStyle, XmlDeserializationEvents events)
    at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Deserialize(XmlReader xmlReader)
    at archimate_reporter.Program.DeserializeObject(String filename) in D:\mmcke\workspace\archimate-reporter\Program.cs:line 36
    at archimate_reporter.Program.Main(String[] args) in D:\mmcke\workspace\archimate-reporter\Program.cs:line 16

Answer 1

你需要改变你的模型来提供一些东西来反序列化 archimate:Principle 类型。此外，您需要更正 Element 上 Type 属性的命名空间。

根据您的 XML，我假设 Element 是一个基类，并且 type 属性指示要使用的父类(super class)型，我已将其放入新类中称为原则。如果你不想要一个单独的类，你可以只使用 Element，但是你需要给它 XmlType 属性来告诉 Serializer 在看到 xsi:type="archimate:Principle" 时使用它。

[XmlType("Principle", Namespace = "http://www.archimatetool.com/archimate")]
public class Principle : Element
{
    [XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [XmlAttribute("id")]
    public string Id { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "element", Namespace = "http://www.archimatetool.com/archimate")]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Principle))]
public class Element
{
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "type", Form = XmlSchemaForm.Qualified, Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")]
    public string Type { get; set; }
}