python - Django 1.11 不包含 urls.py

Question

您好，我正在使用我的第一个 Django 应用程序，但遇到了下一个问题:

The included URLconf 'eventus.urls' does not appear to have any patterns in it. If you see valid patterns in the file then the issue is probably caused by a circular import.

.
├── eventus
│   ├── eventus
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   ├── __pycache__
│   │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   │   ├── urls.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   │   └── wsgi.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   ├── db.sqlite3
│   │   ├── settings
│   │   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   │   ├── __pycache__
│   │   │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   │   │   ├── base.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   │   │   └── local.cpython-36.pyc
│   │   │   ├── base.py
│   │   │   ├── local.py
│   │   │   ├── prod.py
│   │   │   └── staging.py
│   │   ├── urls.py
│   │   └── wsgi.py
│   ├── manage.py
│   └── myapps
│       ├── __init__.py
│       ├── __pycache__
│       │   └── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│       ├── events
│       │   ├── __init__.py
│       │   ├── __pycache__
│       │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │   ├── admin.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │   ├── forms.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │   ├── models.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │   ├── urls.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │   └── views.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   ├── admin.py
│       │   ├── apps.py
│       │   ├── forms.py
│       │   ├── media
│       │   │   └── events
│       │   │       ├── evento.png
│       │   │       ├── evento2.png
│       │   │       ├── evento2_a0yEovu.png
│       │   │       ├── evento3.png
│       │   │       ├── evento3_IufcnS5.png
│       │   │       └── evento_HFKQ1lo.png
│       │   ├── migrations
│       │   │   ├── 0001_initial.py
│       │   │   ├── 0002_auto_20170924_2140.py
│       │   │   ├── __init__.py
│       │   │   └── __pycache__
│       │   │       ├── 0001_initial.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │       ├── 0002_auto_20170924_2115.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │       ├── 0002_auto_20170924_2140.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   │       └── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│       │   ├── models.py
│       │   ├── static
│       │   │   ├── css
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap-theme.css
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap-theme.css.map
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap-theme.min.css
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap-theme.min.css.map
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap.css
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap.css.map
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap.min.css
│       │   │   │   ├── bootstrap.min.css.map
│       │   │   │   └── estilos.css
│       │   │   ├── fonts
│       │   │   │   ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
│       │   │   │   ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
│       │   │   │   ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
│       │   │   │   ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff
│       │   │   │   └── glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff2
│       │   │   └── js
│       │   │       ├── bootstrap.js
│       │   │       ├── bootstrap.min.js
│       │   │       └── npm.js
│       │   ├── templates
│       │   │   ├── base.html
│       │   │   └── events
│       │   │       ├── base_events.html
│       │   │       ├── index.html
│       │   │       └── panel
│       │   │           ├── crear_evento.html
│       │   │           ├── detalle_evento.html
│       │   │           ├── editar_evento.html
│       │   │           ├── eliminar_evento.html
│       │   │           ├── navbar.html
│       │   │           └── panel.html
│       │   ├── tests.py
│       │   ├── urls.py
│       │   └── views.py
│       └── users
│           ├── __init__.py
│           ├── __pycache__
│           │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│           │   ├── actions.cpython-36.pyc
│           │   ├── admin.cpython-36.pyc
│           │   └── models.cpython-36.pyc
│           ├── actions.py
│           ├── admin.py
│           ├── apps.py
│           ├── migrations
│           │   ├── 0001_initial.py
│           │   ├── __init__.py
│           │   └── __pycache__
│           │       ├── 0001_initial.cpython-36.pyc
│           │       └── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│           ├── models.py
│           ├── tests.py
│           └── views.py
└── requirements
    ├── base.txt
    ├── local.txt
    ├── prod.txt
    └── staging.txt

我的文件 events/urls.py 是:

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from .views import IndexView, MainPanelView, CreateEvent, EventDetail, EventEdit, EventDelete


urlpatterns = [
    #url(r'^$',views.index, name="index"),
    url(r'^$',IndexView.as_view(), name="index"),


    url(r'^panel/$', MainPanelView.as_view(), name="panel"),
    url(r'^panel/evento/nuevo/$',CreateEvent.as_view(), name="nuevo"),
    url(r'^panel/evento/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',EventDetail.as_view(), name="detalle"), 
    url(r'^panel/evento/editar/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',EventEdit.as_view(), name="editar"),
     url(r'^panel/evento/eliminar/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',EventDelete.as_view(), name="eliminar"),   
]

我的文件是 events/views.py 是:

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, get_object_or_404
from .models import Event, Category
from django.views.generic import TemplateView, CreateView, DetailView, UpdateView, DeleteView
from myapps.users.models import User
from .forms import EventoForm
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse, reverse_lazy
# Create your views here.

def login(request):
    return render(request, "login.html", {})

#def index(request):
#   events = Event.objects.all().order_by('-created')[:6]
#   categories = Category.objects.all()
#   return render(request, 'events/index.html', {'events': events, 'categories': categories})

class IndexView(TemplateView):
    template_name = 'events/index.html'

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super(IndexView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['events'] = Event.objects.all().order_by('-created')[:6]
        context['categories'] = Category.objects.all()
        return context


#def main_panel(request):
#   #organizer = request.user.username
#   events = Event.objects.filter(organizer__username='').order_by('is_free', '-created')
#   cantidad_eventos = events.count()
#   return render(request, 'events/panel/panel.html', {'events': events, 'cantidad': cantidad_eventos})


class MainPanelView(TemplateView):

    template_name = 'events/panel/panel.html'

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super(MainPanelView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['events'] = Event.objects.filter(organizer__username='').order_by('is_free', '-created')
        context['cantidad'] = context['events'].count()
        return context


#def crear_evento(request):
#   if request.method == 'POST':
#       modelform = EventoForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
#       if modelform.is_valid():
#           organizador = User.objects.get(pk=3)
#           nuevo_evento = modelform.save()
#           nuevo_evento.organizer = organizador
#           nuevo_evento.save()
#           return redirect ('events_app:panel')
#   else:
#       modelform = EventoForm
#
#   return render(request, "events/panel/crear_evento.html", {'form': modelform})


class CreateEvent(CreateView):

    form_class = EventoForm
    template_name = 'events/panel/crear_evento.html'
    success_url = reverse_lazy('events_app:panel')

    def form_valid(self, form):
        form.instance.organizer = User.objects.get(pk=3)
        return super(CreateEvent, self).form_valid(form)


#def detalle_evento(request, evento_id):
#   event = get_object_or_404(Event, pk=evento_id)
#   return render(requestr, 'events/panel/detalle_evento.html', {'event': event})

class EventDetail(DetailView):

    template_name = 'event/panel/detalle_evento.html'
    model = Event


#def editar_evento(request, evento_id):
#       event = get_object_or_404(Event, pk=evento_id)
#
#       if request.method == 'POST':
#           modelform = EventoForm(request.POST, request.FILES, instance=event)
#           if modelform.is_valid():
#               modelform.save()
#               return redirect(reverse('events_app:panel'))
#           else:
#               modelform = EventoForm(instance=event)
#
#           return render(request, 'events/panel/editar_evento.html', {'form': modelform, 'event': event})

class EventEdit(UpdateView):

    template_name = 'events/panel/editar_evento.html'
    success_url = reverse_lazy(reverse('events_app:panel'))
    model = Event
    form_class = EventoForm

    def form_valid(self, form):
        form.instance.organizer = User.objects.get(pk=3)
        return super(EventEdit, self).form_vaslid(form)



#def eliminar_evento(request, evento_id):
#   event = get_object_or_404(Event, pk=evento_id)
#
#   if request.method == 'POST':
#       event.delete()
#       return redirect(reverse('events_app:panel'))
#
#   return render(request, 'events/panel.eliminar_evento.html')


class EventDelete(DeleteView):

    template_name = 'events/panel.eliminar_evento.html'
    model = Event
    success_url = Ureverse_lazy('events_app:panel')
    context_object_name = 'event'

我的 urls.py 是:

from django.conf.urls import  url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf import settings
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^', include('myapps.events.urls', namespace="events_app")),
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns = [
        url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',
            {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}
            ),
        ]#

我的 events/models.py 是:

from django.db import models
from django.template.defaultfilters import slugify
from django.conf import settings
# Create your models here.

class TimeStampModel(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    modified = models.DateField(auto_now=True)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    slug = models.SlugField(editable=False)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.id:
            self.slug =slugify(self.name)
        super(Category, self).save (*args,**kwargs)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class Event(TimeStampModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    slug = models.SlugField(editable=False)
    summary = models.TextField(max_length=255)
    content = models.TextField()
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    place = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    start = models.DateTimeField()
    finish = models.ImageField(upload_to= 'events')
    is_free = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    amout = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, default=0.00)
    views = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
    organizer = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.id:
            self.slug =slugify(self.name)
        super(Event, self).save (*args,**kwargs)


    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class Assistant (TimeStampModel):
    Assistant = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
    event = models.ManyToManyField(Event)
    attended = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    has_paid = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return "%s %s" % (self.assistant.username , self.event.name)


class Comments(TimeStampModel):
    user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
    event = models.ForeignKey(Event)
    content = models.TextField()

    def __unicode__(self):
        return "%s %s" % (self.user.username, self.event.name)

错误是下一个:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 364, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 356, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 327, in execute
    self.check()
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 359, in check
    include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 346, in _run_checks
    return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 81, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 16, in check_url_config
    return check_resolver(resolver)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 26, in check_resolver
    return check_method()
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 254, in check
    for pattern in self.url_patterns:
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 405, in url_patterns
    patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 398, in urlconf_module
    return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/CursoProDjango/eventus/eventus/urls.py", line 27, in <module>
    {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}
  File "/Users/dmuino/.virtualenvs/Pruebas/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 85, in url
    raise TypeError('view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include().')
TypeError: view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include().

我的base.py是下一个:

"""
Django settings for eventus project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""

import os
from unipath import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).ancestor(3)


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '70r=ho4co205hed75q!)am+dnqi=lj(98$lnadxmgf2n(s&_qi'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition
DJANGO_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

LOCAL_APPS = [
    'myapps.events',
    'myapps.users',
]

THIRD_PARTY_APPS = [
]

INSTALLED_APPS = DJANGO_APPS + LOCAL_APPS + THIRD_PARTY_APPS

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'eventus.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'eventus.wsgi.application'

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.User'

我不知道问题是什么，因为在它工作正常之前，但现在我不知道问题是什么，我只将基于函数的 View 更改为基于 View 的 events/urls.py类，但在文件中，在文件中的新 View 之前注释旧 View 。

Answer 1

回溯显示 events/views.py 第 97 行发生错误:

success_url = reverse_lazy(reverse('events_app:panel'))

为 View 设置 success_url 时，无法调用 reverse。它会导致 Django 在加载 url 配置之前尝试反转 url，从而导致“似乎没有任何模式”错误消息。

解决方案是使用reverse_lazy。你有 reverse_lazy(reverse(...)) 这是没有意义的。将其更改为仅使用 reverse_lazy:

success_url = reverse_lazy('events_app:panel')

您的第二个错误“ View 必须是可调用的”是因为您提供媒体文件的代码使用字符串'django.views.static.serve'。这已经过时了，并且不适用于 Django 1.10+。更新为match the docs :

from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    # ... the rest of your URLconf goes here ...
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)