python - Cython、OS X 和链接错误

Question

我按照 Cython 的简单教程执行了以下步骤:

1. 创建一个简单的 python 文件 testme.py:

   print(“你好!!”)

2. 使用 cython 创建一个 c 文件:

   cython -a testme.py

3. 使用 gcc 编译生成的 testme.c 文件:

   gcc -Os -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -o testme testme.c -lpthread -lm -lutil -ldl

结果是很多这样的行:

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "_PyCode_New", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyDict_New", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyDict_SetItem", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyErr_Clear", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
      _main in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyErr_Occurred", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
      _main in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyErr_Print", referenced from:
      _main in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyErr_SetString", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyErr_WarnEx", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyExc_ImportError", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o
  "_PyExc_RuntimeError", referenced from:
      _inittestme in testme-4ef125.o

显然，缺少链接库。我有以下内容

/usr/lib/libpython2.6.dylib -> ../../System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python

但是将其添加到 gcc 命令中会出现 XXX not found 错误:

gcc -Os -I /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -o hello testme.c -l/usr/lib/libpython2.6.dylib -lpthread -lm -lutil -ldl
ld: library not found for -l/usr/lib/libpython2.6.dylib

路径正确。图书馆就在那里。

有什么提示吗？

Answer 1

您需要链接正确的 libpython。例如。 -lpython2.7.

FWIW cython 命令有点低级(它仅处理将单个 Cython 模块编译为 C 的编译)，其中 cythonize 命令的级别更高一些，可以在整个包上工作，并且还包含一个用于编译 C 代码的 --build 选项。这通常比尝试自己构建正确的 gcc 命令更容易。