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python - 列表切片并找到第二大值python

转载 作者:太空宇宙 更新时间:2023-11-03 14:23:27 25 4
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我需要编写一个将列表作为参数的函数,并在列表中找到第二高的值。返回该值。如果列表中只有一个值,则返回该值。如果列表为空,则返回 0。

为了创建列表,我提示用户输入数字,直到用户输入标记值 -1。然后我提示用户输入起始位置 (loc) 和长度 (len)。我将提取一个从索引 loc 开始且长度为 len 的列表切片,然后使用我的函数在该列表切片中查找第二大值。

这是我目前的代码:

userList = []

def main():
inputList = int(input("Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: "))
while inputList != -1:
userList.append(inputList)
inputList = eval(input("Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: "))

return extractList(userList)

def extractList(userList):
loc = int(input("Enter a starting location: "))
length = int(input("Enter a lenghth: "))

selSlice = userList[loc:loc + length]

if len(selSlice) == 1:
return selSlice[0]
if len(selSlice) == 0:
return 0

num = max(selSlice)
occ = userList.count(num)
for i in range(occ):
userList[userList.index(num):userList.index(num)+1] = ''

print("Second highest value in ", selSlice, "is ", max(selSlice))

main()

我正在测试切片是否有效,但它似乎采用 loc 的起始索引并转到 len 的结束索引,而不是超出 len 的长度。

例如,如果我有一个列表:

[1, 3, 7, 21, 37, 76, 23, 91, 15, 11, 2, 4]

我的loc是3,len是6,结果应该是[21, 37, 76, 23, 91, 15]。但是,我没有得到想要的结果,而是得到了 [21, 37, 76]

我的 extractList(a) 应该是什么?另外,如果你能帮我找到第二大值的功能,那就太好了。感谢您的任何输入!

编辑:

好的,感谢 Chris Arena,我现在走上正轨了和 To Click or Not to Click . (代码已更新)

但是,上面的代码给出了整个列表的第二高值,而不是切片列表。我不确定所有变量是否正确。

如果我的 userList[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10] 并且我的位置是 6,长度是4,我得到了 [4, 6, 8, 10] ,我应该的,但是切片的第二高值是 9,这是 userList 的第二高,而不是切片。

我尝试将 userList 更改为 selSliceif len(userList) == 1: 行开始一直到最后看看是否这有所作为。确实如此,但结果值得怀疑(又名错误)。我使用了与上一段中提到的相同的 userList、loc 和 length。我得到了 [4, 6, 8] 作为切片(错误),第二大值是 8,这对于程序返回的切片是错误的,但对于我请求的切片是正确的。所以我不确定这里可能出了什么问题。有什么建议吗?

编辑编辑:

我最新的代码显示了正确的切片,但错误的第二高值。我越来越:[4, 6, 8, 10] 中的第二大值是 10 不确定需要修复什么 =\

最佳答案

试试这个以获得第二高:

def extract(arr, start, finish):
if start < 0 or finish > len(arr)-1:
return "Please enter valid start/end points"
lst = arr[start:finish]
if len(lst) == 1:
return lst[0]
if len(lst) == 0:
return 0
num = max(lst)
occ = lst.count(num)
for i in range(occ):
lst[lst.index(num):lst.index(num)+1] = ''
return max(lst)

这运行为:

>>> extract([6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 5, 3, 7, 2], -1, 8)
'Please enter valid start/end points'
>>> extract([6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 5, 3, 7, 2], -3, 8)
'Please enter valid start/end points'
>>> extract([6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 5, 3, 7, 2], 3, 8)
7
>>>

一些提示:

不要使用evaleval 是邪恶的。如果您必须使用类似 eval 的函数,请尝试 ast.literal_eval(),或者直接转换 int()

这是您编辑的代码:

userList = []

def main():
inputList = int(input("Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: "))
while inputList != -1:
userList.append(inputList)
inputList = eval(input("Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: "))

return extractList(userList)

def extractList(userList):
loc = int(input("Enter a starting location: "))
length = int(input("Enter a lenghth: "))

selSlice = userList[loc:loc + length]
orig = list(selSlice)

if len(selSlice) == 1:
return selSlice[0]
if len(selSlice) == 0:
return 0

num = max(selSlice)
occ = selSlice.count(num)
for i in range(occ):
selSlice[selSlice.index(num):selSlice.index(num)+1] = ''

print("Second highest value in ", orig, "is ", max(selSlice))

main()

这运行为:

bash-3.2$ python3 test.py
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 2
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 7
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 9
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 3
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 1
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 6
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 2
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 8
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 2
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 3
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 7
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: -1
Enter a starting location: 2
Enter a lenghth: 12
Second highest value in [4, 9, 3, 1, 6, 4, 2, 8, 4, 2, 4, 3] is 8
bash-3.2$

另一种方法:

您可以使用 sorted() 并获取倒数第二个值:

userList = []

def main():
inputList = int(input("Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: "))
while inputList != -1:
userList.append(inputList)
inputList = eval(input("Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: "))

return extractList(userList)

def extractList(userList):
loc = int(input("Enter a starting location: "))
length = int(input("Enter a lenghth: "))

selSlice = userList[loc:loc + length]

if len(selSlice) == 1:
return selSlice[0]
if len(selSlice) == 0:
return 0

num = sorted(selSlice)[-2]

print("Second highest value in ", selSlice, "is ", num)

main()

运行为:

bash-3.2$ python3 test.py
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 2
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 7
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 9
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 3
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 1
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 6
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 2
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 8
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 2
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 4
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 3
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: 7
Enter a number >= 0. Enter -1 to end input: -1
Enter a starting location: 2
Enter a lenghth: 12
Second highest value in [4, 9, 3, 1, 6, 4, 2, 8, 4, 2, 4, 3] is 8
bash-3.2$

关于python - 列表切片并找到第二大值python,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24196876/

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