python - 获取 Windows 上的当前区域设置

Question

上下文

在 Windows 上使用 python 获取语言环境似乎已损坏:

(trash0) PS C:\Users\myname\venv\trash0\Lib\site-packages> python.exe
Python 3.6.3 (v3.6.3:2c5fed8, Oct  3 2017, 17:26:49) [MSC v.1900 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.platform
'win32'
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr-FR')
'fr-FR'
>>> locale.getlocale()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Program Files\Python36-32\lib\locale.py", line 581, in getlocale
    return _parse_localename(localename)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python36-32\lib\locale.py", line 490, in _parse_localename
    raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename)
ValueError: unknown locale: fr-FR
>>>

我对 Windows 不太了解，但我查过 fr-FR 属于 the correct locale names for Windows 。请注意，使用 en-US 或 en-GB 会得到相同的结果。

但是设置区域设置可以正常工作，因为:

• 将 locale.setlocale() 与任何未知值一起使用都会引发异常:

  >>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'anythingundefined')
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    File "C:\Program Files\Python36-32\lib\locale.py", line 598, in setlocale
      return _setlocale(category, locale)
  locale.Error: unsupported locale setting
  >>>

• 设置后，可以检查是否已将其考虑在内:

  >>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr-FR')
  'fr-FR'
  >>> locale.str(12.3)
  '12,3'
  >>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'en-GB')
  'en-GB'
  >>> locale.str(12.3)
  '12.3'
  >>>

<小时/>

问题

我需要暂时将语言环境设置为en-US(以便执行一些需要此语言环境的操作)，然后切换回默认语言环境。如果 locale.getlocale() 损坏了，怎么可能做到这一点？我读过python doc about locale但无法找出任何解决方法来实现这一目标(也不知道是否可能)。

Answer 1

以下是如何对 locale 模块进行猴子修补，正如我试图在您的问题下的评论中描述的那样。

首先是猴子修补模块，locale_patch.py​​:

""" Module that monkey-patches the locale module so it remembers the last
arguments to setlocale() that didn't raise an exception and will allow them to
be retrieved later by calling a new function named setting_values() which also
gets added.
"""
import locale as _locale

_last_category, _last_locale = None, None

def my_setlocale(category, locale=None):
    global _last_category, _last_locale

    try:
        result = _orig_setlocale(category, locale)
    except _locale.Error:
        raise  # Didn't work, ignore arguments.

    if locale is not None:  # Was a setting modified by call?
        _last_category, _last_locale = category, locale  # Remember args.

    return result

def setting_values():
    global _last_category, _last_locale

    if _last_category is None:
        raise _locale.Error('setlocale() has never been called to change settings')

    return _last_category, _last_locale


# Monkey-patch the module.
_orig_setlocale = _locale.setlocale
_locale.setlocale = my_setlocale
_locale.setting_values = setting_values  # New module function.

使用示例:

import locale
import locale_patch  # Apply monkey-patch(es).

try:
    locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr_FR.UTF-8') # locale.Error: unsupported locale setting
except locale.Error:
    print("locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr_FR.UTF-8') didn't work")
try:
    print(locale.setting_values())
except locale.Error:
    print("locale.setting_values() didn't work")  # Expected.

try:
    locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, locale='fr_FR.UTF-8')
except locale.Error:
    print("locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, locale='fr_FR.UTF-8') didn't work")
try:
    print(locale.setting_values())
except locale.Error:
    print("locale.setting_values() didn't work")  # Expected.

locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr-FR')
results = locale.setting_values()
print(results)  # -> (0, 'fr-FR')  # The 0 is the numeric value of locale.LC_ALL

locale.setlocale(*results)  # Works OK.