python - 来自 urllib3 HTTPSConnectionPool request_encode_body 证书问题

Question

我试图在 https url 上发送请求以获取数据，当我尝试在浏览器上执行时，域需要安全证书。

但我的问题是如何在我的 python 代码上调用 url 来获取响应数据？我写了以下代码:

conn = HTTPSConnectionPool(BETTING_CONFG['api_url'],
                               maxsize = BETTING_CONFG['connection_max_size'])

response = conn.request_encode_body('POST', service_uri, headers= headers,
                                         encode_multipart=False,  body = body)

我得到以下响应:

Response: status = 200, payload = {"_status":"error","payload":{"_code":"0-2","_message":"invalid_app_key"}} .

和终端上的这个警告:

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:318: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Subject Name Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, which can cause validation failures. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#snimissingwarning.
  SNIMissingWarning
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:122: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. You can upgrade to a newer version of Python to solve this. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py:821: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html
  InsecureRequestWarning)
[555WIN] 2016-05-30 14:02:06,043 - INFO - Betting Response: status = 200, payload = {"_status":"error","payload":{"_code":"0-2","_message":"invalid_app_key"}} .
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/handlers.py", line 76, in emit
    if self.shouldRollover(record):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/handlers.py", line 156, in shouldRollover
    msg = "%s\n" % self.format(record)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 724, in format
    return fmt.format(record)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 464, in format
    record.message = record.getMessage()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 324, in getMessage
    msg = str(self.msg)
TypeError: __str__ returned non-string (type dict)
Logged from file jsonapi.py, line 137
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 851, in emit
    msg = self.format(record)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 724, in format
    return fmt.format(record)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 464, in format
    record.message = record.getMessage()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 324, in getMessage
    msg = str(self.msg)
TypeError: __str__ returned non-string (type dict)

当我在 chrome 上添加证书并尝试在 postman 上发送请求时，它工作正常吗？

有什么解决办法吗？

Answer 1

请理解您的 Chrome 证书存储区与您的 Python 应用程序使用的证书存储区不同。

如果您只能获得有效的 SSL 证书而不是尝试使自签名证书起作用，那将会容易得多。

此外，请务必升级您的 Python 和 urllib。这些警告信息不容忽视!先解决它们!

SSL 证书过去很贵，但现在您可以从 LetsEncrypt 获得有效、完全支持的免费证书。 .我运行我的 own website使用他们的证书，我可以向您保证，Python 加载他们的证书没有问题。