python - 我怎样才能重新开始我的 Pong 游戏并保持我的分数有效？

Question

我一直在为我的第一个完整的 Python 项目开发 Pong 游戏，主要使用 tkinter 进行大部分操作。但是，我无法弄清楚如何使用我添加的重新启动按钮重新启动程序而不禁用左上角的分数计数器。以下文字是我的代码:

from tkinter import *
import random
import time
import pygame
import os, sys
import time

class Ball:

    def __init__(self, canvas, paddle, color):
        self.canvas = canvas
        self.paddle = paddle
        self.id = canvas.create_oval(10, 10, 25, 25, fill='red')
        self.canvas.move(self.id, 245, 100)
        starts = [-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3]
        random.shuffle(starts)
        self.x = starts[0]
        self.y = -3
        self.canvas_height = self.canvas.winfo_height()
        self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
        self.hit_bottom = False
        self.score = 0

    def hit_paddle(self, pos):
        paddle_pos = self.canvas.coords(self.paddle.id)
        if pos[2] >= paddle_pos[0] and pos[0] <= paddle_pos[2]:
            if pos[3] >= paddle_pos[1] and pos[3] <= paddle_pos[3]:
                return True
        return False

    def draw(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, self.y)
        pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
        if pos[1] <= 0:
            self.y = 3
        if pos[3] >= self.canvas_height:
            self.hit_bottom = True
        if self.hit_paddle(pos) == True:
            self.y = -3
        if pos[0] <= 0:
            self.x = 3
        if pos[2] >= self.canvas_width:
            self.x = -3
        if self.hit_paddle(pos) == True:
            self.score += 1

class Paddle:
    def __init__(self, canvas, color):
        self.canvas = canvas
        self.id = canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, 150, 10, fill='blue')
        self.canvas.move(self.id, 450, 750)
        self.x = 0
        self.y = 0
        self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Left>', self.turn_left)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Right>', self.turn_right)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyRelease-Left>', self.stop_left)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyRelease-Right>', self.stop_right)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Up>', self.turn_up)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Down>', self.turn_down)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyRelease-Up>', self.stop_up)
        self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyRelease-Down>', self.stop_down)

    def draw(self):
        self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, self.y)
        pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
        if pos[0] <= 0:
            self.x = 0
        elif pos[2] >= self.canvas_width:
            self.x = 0
    def turn_left(self, evt):
        self.x = -3
    def turn_right(self, evt):
        self.x = 3
    def stop_left(self, evt):
        self.x = 0
    def stop_right(self, evt):
        self.x = 0
    def turn_up(self, evt):
        self.y = -0
    def turn_down(self, evt):
        self.y = 0
    def stop_up(self, evt):
        self.y = 0
    def stop_down(self, evt):
        self.y = 0
def restart ():
    global paddle, ball
    canvas.delete (ALL)
    paddle = Paddle(canvas, 'blue')
    ball = Ball(canvas, paddle, 'red')
    label = canvas.create_text(5, 5, anchor=NW, text="Score: 0", font=('Courier, 40'), fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(label, text="Score: "+str(ball.score))

def main ():
    global paddle, ball
    tk.update()

    paddle = Paddle(canvas, 'blue')
    ball = Ball(canvas, paddle, 'red')

    while 1:
        if ball.hit_bottom == False:
            ball.draw()
            paddle.draw()
        tk.update_idletasks()
        tk.update()
        time.sleep(0.01)
        if ball.hit_bottom == True:
            canvas.create_text(525, 300, text='Game Over', fill='red', font=('Courier', 60))
        canvas.itemconfig(label, text="Score: "+str(ball.score))

tk = Tk()
tk.title("User's Pong Game")
tk.resizable(0, 0)
tk.wm_attributes("-topmost", 1)
canvas = Canvas(tk, width=1000, height=800, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
canvas.configure(background='black')
canvas.grid (row = 0)
label = canvas.create_text(5, 5, anchor=NW, text="Score: 0", font=('Courier, 40'), fill='white')
Button = Button(tk, anchor=NE, text = "Start Over", command = restart)
Button.grid(row=1, column=1)

tk.configure(background='white')

main ()

Answer 1

替换:

canvas.itemconfig(label, text="Score: "+str(ball.score))

与:

while 1:
    if ball.hit_bottom == False:
        ball.draw()
        paddle.draw()
    tk.update_idletasks()
    tk.update()
    time.sleep(0.01)
    if ball.hit_bottom == True:
        canvas.create_text(525, 300, text='Game Over', fill='red', font=('Courier', 60))
    canvas.itemconfig(label, text="Score: "+str(ball.score))

在restart方法中。

<小时/>

我是如何调试它的:

1. 复制并运行整个代码，尝试按钮，看到分数静态为 0
2. 在脚本中搜索“Score”，查看脚本中的修改位置
3. 注意到缺少 while，因此解决了它。