Python/Django 2.0/Bootstrap3 : Retrieving data from db based on form inputs using Django

Question

我是 Django 和 Python 新手。所以我需要关于一个问题的帮助。我检查了StackOverflow是否发现了类似的问题，但还无法解决问题。我正在 django 上创建一个网络应用程序，我想根据表单接受的标准从数据库检索旅行。但它不起作用。 这是我所做的:

模型.py

    from django.db import models
    from django.forms import ModelForm
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User
    from django.db.models.signals import post_save
    from django.urls import reverse

    class Tour(models.Model):
        TourOperator = models.ForeignKey(TourOperator, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
        TourCode = models.CharField(max_length=10, unique=True, help_text='Ex. JT001 ') 
        Title = models.CharField(max_length=200, help_text="Title of the tour here")
        Slug = models.SlugField(max_length=200)
        Type = models.CharField(max_length=200, choices = TOUR_TYPES, help_text="Select from the list")
        Duration = models.IntegerField(default=0)
        ShortDesc = models.CharField(max_length=200, help_text='Short description in 200')
        Description = models.TextField(help_text='Description of the tour...')
        Itinerary = models.CharField(max_length=500, help_text="Itinerary of the tour...")
        Inclusions = models.CharField(max_length=200, help_text="Inclusions of the tour; Seperate them with commas")
        Exclusions = models.CharField(max_length=200, help_text="Exclusions of the tour; Seperate them with commas")
        Difficulty = models.CharField(max_length=20, help_text="Enter a value between 1 to 10")
        GroupSize = models.CharField(max_length=2, help_text="Group size")
        Seasonality = models.CharField(max_length=100, help_text="Seasonality of the tour; Ex. July - September")
        Highlights = models.CharField(max_length=100, help_text="Highlights of the tour; Ex. Yamchun fortress, etc")
        #Destination_id = models.ForeignKey(Destination)
        Price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2)
        Image = models.ImageField(upload_to='tours_image/')
        Created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
        Updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
        Available = models.BooleanField(default=True)
        Rating = models.IntegerField()
        StartDate = models.DateField(auto_now=True)
        EndDate = models.DateField(auto_now=True)

form.py

from django import forms
from tours.models import Tour

class SearchTourForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Tour
        # fields = ('Type','Destination', 'StartDate', 'Available') #Country
        exclude = ('Exclusions', )

search_tour.html

          <!-- Form  -->

        <form action="" method="GET">

            <div class="row form-group">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <label for="activities">Country</label>
                    <select  id="activities" class="form-control">
                        <!-- name="Country" -->
                        <option value="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</option>

                    </select>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row form-group">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <label for="activities">Type of tours/Activities</label>
                    <select name="Type" value="{{ tour.Type }} id="activities" class="form-control">
                        <option value="">All tours/activities</option>
                        <option value="Trekking">Trekking</option>
                        <option value="Hiking">Hiking</option>
                        <option value="Jeep-tour">Jeep-tour</option>
                        <option value="Cross-border tour">Cross-border tour</option>
                        <option value="City tour tour">City tour tour</option>
                        <option value="Sightseeing">Sightseeing</option>
                    </select>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row form-group">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <label for="destination">Destination</label>
                    <select name="Destination" id="destination" class="form-control">
                        <option value="">All destinations</option>
                        <option value="Bartang">Bartang</option>
                        <option value="Sarez lake">Sarez lake</option>
                        <option value="Murghab">Murghab</option>
                        <option value="Fedchenko">Fedchenko</option>
                    </select>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row form-group">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <label for="date-start">Date Travel</label>
                    <input name="StartDate" type="text" id="date-start" class="form-control">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row form-group">
                <div class="col-md-12">
                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Search">
                </div>
            </div>
        </form>
    <!-- Form  /-->
    {% block content_main %}
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2 text-center gtco-heading">
        <h2>Search Result</h2>
        <p>Here is what matched your query.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
    <!-- Tour viewer -->
    {% for tour in tours %}
      <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-6">
        <div class="dtpTCard">
          <figure>
              <img src="{{ tour.Image.url }}" alt="{{ tour.Title }}" class="img-responsive" style="width:400px; height:230px;">
          </figure>
          <div>
            <!-- <a href=""> -->
              <h2 class="dtpCardTitleTextColor"> {{ destination.Region | truncatewords:1 }} Bartang, Tajikistan  {{ destination.Country | truncatewords:1 }} </h2>
            <!-- </a> -->
            <!-- <p>Bartang valley is the remote area in Pamir, Tajikistan.
            </p> -->
            <div class="row dtpCardInRow">
              <!-- style="font-size: 14px;  color:#000000;" -->
              <div class="col-xs-12" style="padding-bottom: 5px;">
                <b><u>Description</u></b>: {{ tour.ShortDesc|truncatechars:80  }}
              </div>
              <div class="col-xs-6">
                <b><u>Tour type</u></b>: {{ tour.Type | capfirst}}  <br>
                <b><u>Duration</u></b>: {{ tour.Duration }} days
              </div>
              <div class="col-xs-6 dtpCardRight" >
                <b><u>Difficulty</u></b>: {{ tour.Difficulty }}/10<br>
                <b><u>Price</u></b>: ${{ tour.Price }}
              </div>
            </div>
              <br>
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{tour.get_absolute_url }}">View tour</a>
            <!-- /tours/details/{{tour.id }} -->
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      {% empty %}
        <h4>Sorry, no items in this page.</h4>
        <p>Coming soon...</p>
      {% endfor %}
    <!-- Tour /-->
    </div>
    <!-- Pagination -->
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-12" style="font-size: 18px; ">
          <br>
          <div class="pagination">
              <span class="step-links">
                  {% if tours.has_previous %}
                      <a href="?page=1">&laquo; first</a>
                      <a href="?page={{ tours.previous_page_number }}">previous</a>
                  {% endif %}
                  <span class="current">
                      Page {{ tours.number }} of {{ tours.paginator.num_pages }}.
                  </span>
                  {% if tours.has_next %}
                      <a href="?page={{ tours.next_page_number }}">next</a>
                      <a href="?page={{ tours.paginator.num_pages }}">last &raquo;</a>
                  {% endif %}
              </span>
          </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- Pagination /-->
    {% endblock content_main %}

vews.py

    from django.views.generic import TemplateView
    from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
    from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
    from tours.forms import CreateTourForm, SearchTourForm
    from tours.models import Tour, Destination#, TourOperator
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User
    from django.db.models import Q
    from django.conf import settings


    def search_tours(request):
        if request.method == 'GET':
            form = SearchTourForm(request.GET)
            if form.is_valid():
                Country = form.cleaned_data['Country']
                Type = form.cleaned_data['Type']
                Destination = form.cleaned_data['Destination']
                StartDate = form.cleaned_data['StartDate']

                tours = Tour.objects.filter(Q(Country__icontains = Country)|
                                    Q(Type__exact = int(Type))|
                                    Q(Destination__exact = int(Destination))|
                                    Q(StartDate__gte = int(StartDate)))

                return render(request, 'tours/search_tours.html', {
                    'tours': tours,
                    'media_url': settings.MEDIA_URL,
                    'form':form,
                })

        else:
            form = SearchTourForm()

        tours = Tour.objects.filter(Available = True)


        return render(request, 'tours/search_tours.html', {
            'tours': tours,
            # 'media_url': settings.MEDIA_URL,
            'form':form,
        })

url.py

    from django.conf.urls import url
    from . import views
    from tours.views import ToursView

    app_name = 'tours'

    urlpatterns = [

        url(r'^$', ToursView.as_view(), name='tours'),
        url(r'^search/$', views.search_tours),
    ];

所以问题是，当我搜索时，它输出所有旅行并忽略表单条件。我是初学者，无法弄清楚问题是什么((

GitHub 中上述文件的链接: Django web app

Answer 1

该表格几乎肯定永远不会有效。您的模型定义了一整套字段，其中大部分是必需的，并且您的表单不会排除它们，因此它们将继续是必需的。您不会在模板中输出表单错误，也不会在模板无效时重新填充模板，因此用户永远看不到它是无效的。

但是您实际上并不需要这里的模型表单，而只是一个标准表单，其中包含您需要显式声明的四个字段。模型表单用于编辑和创建模型实例，而您不执行这些操作。

另请注意，该方法始终为 GET，因为这是标准请求。您可能应该检查 GET 是否包含数据，而不是检查这一点:

if request.GET: