python - 正则表达式 Python/组量词

Question

我想匹配一个看起来像目录的变量列表，例如:

Same/Same2/Foot/Ankle/Joint/Actuator/Sensor/Temperature/Value=4.123
Same/Same2/Battery/Name=SomeString
Same/Same2/Home/Land/Some/More/Stuff=0.34

“子目录”的长度是可变的，有一个上限(高于 9)。我想将每个子目录分组，除了第一个我在上面命名为“相同”的子目录。

我能想到的最好的是:

^(?:([^/]+)/){4,8}([^/]+)=(.*)

它已经查找了 4-8 个子目录，但只对最后一个进行分组。为什么？使用组量词是否有更好的解决方案？

编辑:已解决。将改用 split()。

Answer 1

import re

regx = re.compile('(?:(?<=\A)|(?<=/)).+?(?=/|\Z)')


for ss in ('Same/Same2/Foot/Ankle/Joint/Actuator/Sensor/Temperature/Value=4.123',
           'Same/Same2/Battery/Name=SomeString',
           'Same/Same2/Home/Land/Some/More/Stuff=0.34'):

    print ss
    print regx.findall(ss)
    print

编辑1

现在您已经提供了有关您想要获得的内容的更多信息(_"Same/Same2/Battery/Name=SomeString 变成 SAME2_BATTERY_NAME=SomeString"_)可以提出更好的解决方案:使用正则表达式或使用 split()， + 替换()

import re
from os import sep

sep2 = r'\\' if sep=='\\' else '/'

pat = '^(?:.+?%s)(.+$)' % sep2
print 'pat==%s\n' % pat

ragx = re.compile(pat)

for ss in ('Same\Same2\Foot\Ankle\Joint\Actuator\Sensor\Temperature\Value=4.123',
           'Same\Same2\Battery\Name=SomeString',
           'Same\Same2\Home\Land\Some\More\Stuff=0.34'):

    print ss
    print ragx.match(ss).group(1).replace(sep,'_')
    print ss.split(sep,1)[1].replace(sep,'_')
    print

结果

pat==^(?:.+?\\)(.+$)

Same\Same2\Foot\Ankle\Joint\Actuator\Sensor\Temperature\Value=4.123
Same2_Foot_Ankle_Joint_Actuator_Sensor_Temperature_Value=4.123
Same2_Foot_Ankle_Joint_Actuator_Sensor_Temperature_Value=4.123

Same\Same2\Battery\Name=SomeString
Same2_Battery_Name=SomeString
Same2_Battery_Name=SomeString

Same\Same2\Home\Land\Some\More\Stuff=0.34
Same2_Home_Land_Some_More_Stuff=0.34
Same2_Home_Land_Some_More_Stuff=0.34

编辑2

重新阅读您的评论，我意识到我没有考虑到您想要位于“=”符号之前但不之后的字符串部分的上部。

因此，这段新代码公开了满足此要求的 3 个方法。您将选择您喜欢的一个:

import re

from os import sep
sep2 = r'\\' if sep=='\\' else '/'



pot = '^(?:.+?%s)(.+?)=([^=]*$)' % sep2
print 'pot==%s\n' % pot
rogx = re.compile(pot)

pet = '^(?:.+?%s)(.+?(?==[^=]*$))' % sep2
print 'pet==%s\n' % pet
regx = re.compile(pet)


for ss in ('Same\Same2\Foot\Ankle\Joint\Sensor\Value=4.123',
           'Same\Same2\Battery\Name=SomeString',
           'Same\Same2\Ocean\Atlantic\North=',
           'Same\Same2\Maths\Addition\\2+2=4\Simple=ohoh'):
    print ss + '\n' + len(ss)*'-'

    print 'rogx groups  '.rjust(32),rogx.match(ss).groups()

    a,b = ss.split(sep,1)[1].rsplit('=',1)
    print 'split split  '.rjust(32),(a,b)
    print 'split split join upper replace   %s=%s' % (a.replace(sep,'_').upper(),b)

    print 'regx split group  '.rjust(32),regx.match(ss.split(sep,1)[1]).group()
    print 'regx split sub  '.rjust(32),\
          regx.sub(lambda x: x.group(1).replace(sep,'_').upper(), ss)
    print

结果，在Windows平台上

pot==^(?:.+?\\)(.+?)=([^=]*$)

pet==^(?:.+?\\)(.+?(?==[^=]*$))

Same\Same2\Foot\Ankle\Joint\Sensor\Value=4.123
----------------------------------------------
                   rogx groups   ('Same2\\Foot\\Ankle\\Joint\\Sensor\\Value', '4.123')
                   split split   ('Same2\\Foot\\Ankle\\Joint\\Sensor\\Value', '4.123')
split split join upper replace   SAME2_FOOT_ANKLE_JOINT_SENSOR_VALUE=4.123
              regx split group   Same2\Foot\Ankle\Joint\Sensor\Value
                regx split sub   SAME2_FOOT_ANKLE_JOINT_SENSOR_VALUE=4.123

Same\Same2\Battery\Name=SomeString
----------------------------------
                   rogx groups   ('Same2\\Battery\\Name', 'SomeString')
                   split split   ('Same2\\Battery\\Name', 'SomeString')
split split join upper replace   SAME2_BATTERY_NAME=SomeString
              regx split group   Same2\Battery\Name
                regx split sub   SAME2_BATTERY_NAME=SomeString

Same\Same2\Ocean\Atlantic\North=
--------------------------------
                   rogx groups   ('Same2\\Ocean\\Atlantic\\North', '')
                   split split   ('Same2\\Ocean\\Atlantic\\North', '')
split split join upper replace   SAME2_OCEAN_ATLANTIC_NORTH=
              regx split group   Same2\Ocean\Atlantic\North
                regx split sub   SAME2_OCEAN_ATLANTIC_NORTH=

Same\Same2\Maths\Addition\2+2=4\Simple=ohoh
-------------------------------------------
                   rogx groups   ('Same2\\Maths\\Addition\\2+2=4\\Simple', 'ohoh')
                   split split   ('Same2\\Maths\\Addition\\2+2=4\\Simple', 'ohoh')
split split join upper replace   SAME2_MATHS_ADDITION_2+2=4_SIMPLE=ohoh
              regx split group   Same2\Maths\Addition\2+2=4\Simple
                regx split sub   SAME2_MATHS_ADDITION_2+2=4_SIMPLE=ohoh