Python 异常控制/流程问题

Question

我一直在使用 Python 工作，遇到了一些一定很常见的事情。我有五个陈述都陷入了一个共同的陷阱FooException 和 BarException。我想运行它们中的每一个，防止这些异常但继续处理，即使在之后引发异常一些处理已经完成。现在，我可以这样做:

try:
    foo()
except (FooException, BarException):
    pass
try:
    bar()
except (FooException, BarException):
    pass
try:
    baz()
except (FooException, BarException):
    pass
try:
    spam()
except (FooException, BarException):
    pass
try:
    eggs()
except (FooException, BarException):
    pass

但这确实很冗长，而且极度违反 DRY。相当蛮力明显的解决方案是这样的:

def wish_i_had_macros_for_this(statements, exceptions, gd, ld):                
    """ execute statements inside try/except handling exceptions with gd and ld
    as global dictionary and local dictionary

    statements is a list of strings to be executed as statements
    exceptions is a list of strings that resolve to Exceptions
    gd is a globals() context dictionary
    ld is a locals() context dictionary

    a list containing None or an Exception if an exception that wasn't 
    guarded against was raised during execution of the statement for each
    statement is returned
    """
    s = """ 
try:    
    $STATEMENT
except (%s):
    pass
""" % ','.join(exceptions)                                                     
    t = string.Template(s)
    code = [t.substitute({'STATEMENT': s}) for s in statements]                   
    elist = list() 
    for c in code:
        try:
            exec c in gd, ld
            elist.append(None)
        except Exception, e:
            elist.append(e)
    return elist

按照以下方式使用:

>>> results = wish_i_had_macros_for_this(
                ['foo()','bar()','baz','spam()','eggs()'],
                ['FooException','BarException'],
                globals(),
                locals())
[None,None,None,SpamException,None]

有没有更好的办法？

Answer 1

def execute_silently(fn, exceptions = (FooException, BarException)):
    try:
        fn()
    except Exception as e:
        if not isinstance(e, exceptions):
            raise

execute_silently(foo)
execute_silently(bar)
# ...
# or even:
for fn in (foo, bar, ...):
    execute_silently(fn)