python-3.x - PyCharm 找不到现有的 Matplotlib 安装或安装新的

Question

我正在尝试使用 PyCharm 运行和调试使用 Matplotlib 绘图的 Python 脚本。但是我不能这样做，因为 PyCharm 找不到我现有的 Matplotlib 安装，并且当我尝试通过设置/包管理器界面安装 Matplotlib 时无法下载和安装它自己的版本。

但是，我的电脑上已经安装了 Matplotlib，当我通过终端运行脚本时，一切正常。

所以我的问题是，我怎样才能:

1. 通过PyCharm或成功安装Matplotlib
2. 将 PyCharm 定向到我现有的 Matplotlib 安装

系统版本

• 操作系统: Ubuntu 14.04
• Python:3.7.0(同时安装了 3.4)
• Pip: 18.1 来自/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pip (python 3.4)
• Pip3: 18.1 来自/home/matt/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)
• Matplotlib:3.0.2
• PyCharm:PyCharm 社区 v 2018.3.1
• PyCharm 解释器:Python 3.7

通过PyCharm安装Matplotlib时出错

Collecting matplotlib==3.0.2
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/matplotlib/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/matplotlib/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
  Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/matplotlib/
  Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/matplotlib/
  Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/matplotlib/
  Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/matplotlib/
  Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/matplotlib/
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement matplotlib==3.0.2 (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for matplotlib==3.0.2
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.

Answer 1

Ubuntu 14.04 不包含 Python 3.7 现在需要的 OpenSSL 1.0.2 或更高版本。这意味着不会内置 python 的 ssl 模块。没有 ssl 模块，pip 无法从存储库下载包。

如果你configure pycharms 使用您的系统版本的 python (3.4)，这是终端将使用的版本，您应该可以获取 matplotlib。

我的建议是升级到 16.04 或更高版本。