python - 操作系统错误 : [Errno 13] Permission denied when installing django

Question

我在新安装的 ubuntu 14.04 上，我已经安装了 pip 和虚拟环境，但是当我尝试安装 django 时，我收到以下错误消息:

name@computername:/$ pip install django
Collecting django
  Using cached Django-1.7.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: django

  Exception:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 232, in main
      status = self.run(options, args)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/commands/install.py", line 347, in run
      root=options.root_path,
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_set.py", line 549, in install
      **kwargs
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_install.py", line 740, in install
      self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_install.py", line 949, in move_wheel_files
      isolated=self.isolated,
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/wheel.py", line 234, in move_wheel_files
      clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-6.0.7-py2.7.egg/pip/wheel.py", line 205, in clobber
      os.makedirs(destdir)
    File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
      mkdir(name, mode)
  OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django'

它确实有效，但是当我尝试在 venv 上安装时有效。

这与 $PYTHONPATH 有什么关系吗？

(我相信当我尝试在一个已经启动的项目上运行 runserver 时，这也会导致冲突。但如果这个问题不能解决，我会把它留给另一个问题。)

Answer 1

您需要activate首先是您的虚拟环境。

$ source PATH_TO_ENV/bin/env
$ pip install django

In a newly created virtualenv there will also be a activate shell script. For Windows systems, activation scripts are provided for the Command Prompt and Powershell.

On Posix systems, this resides in /ENV/bin/

除非你这样做，否则你正在使用系统 python 和系统库。这就是您看到错误的原因。

如果您需要将库安装到系统范围内，您需要 root 访问权限:

$ sudo pip install django