Perl LWP:为什么 IO::Socket::SSL 使用 TLS 1.0，而 Net::SSL 使用 TLS 1.2？

Question

当我运行以下代码时:

use strict;
use warnings;

use IO::Socket::SSL;
use LWP::UserAgent;

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(ssl_opts => {
    verify_hostname => 0,
});

my $res = $ua->get('https://internal.foo.bar.baz:20002');
print $res->as_string;

我从 LWP 收到一个内部错误:

500 Can't connect to internal.foo.bar.baz:20002 (Bad file descriptor)
Content-Type: text/plain
Client-Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 21:23:13 GMT
Client-Warning: Internal response

Can't connect to internal.foo.bar.baz:20002 (Bad file descriptor)

Bad file descriptor at D:/strawberry/perl/site/lib/LWP/Protocol/http.pm line 50.

网络流量显示它是一个“客户端问候”，随后是服务器的立即重置，并且协议(protocol)是 TLSv1。服务器只允许 TLS 1.2 连接，所以这是有道理的。

当我更改代码以指定客户端应仅使用 TLS 1.2 时，我得到了相同的响应。

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(ssl_opts => {
    verify_hostname => 0,
    SSL_version => 'TLSv1_2',
});

事实上，网络流量看起来是一样的:

当我明确使用 Net::SSL 而不是 IO::Socket::SSL 时:

use strict;
use warnings;

use Net::SSL;
use LWP::UserAgent;

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(ssl_opts => {
    verify_hostname => 0,
});

my $res = $ua->get('https://internal.foo.bar.baz:20002');
print $res->as_string;

有效:

HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 21:33:35 GMT
Server: Kestrel
Client-Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 21:33:37 GMT
Client-Peer: ***.**.**.209:20002
Client-Response-Num: 1
Client-SSL-Cert-Issuer: *******************************************************
Client-SSL-Cert-Subject: **************************************************************************
Client-SSL-Cipher: ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384
Client-SSL-Socket-Class: Net::SSL
Client-SSL-Warning: Peer certificate not verified
Client-Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Client-Warning: Missing Authenticate header
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=2592000
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

并且协议(protocol)正确设置为 TLSv1.2:

奇怪的是，analyze-ssl.pl与 IO::Socket::SSL 协商 TLS 1.2:

-- internal.foo.bar.baz port 20002
 ! using certificate verification (default) -> SSL connect attempt failed error:1416F086:SSL routines:tls_process_server_certificate:certificate verify failed
 * maximum SSL version  : TLSv1_2 (SSLv23)
 * supported SSL versions with handshake used and preferred cipher(s):
   * handshake protocols ciphers
   * SSLv23    TLSv1_2   ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384
   * TLSv1_2   TLSv1_2   ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384
   * TLSv1_1   FAILED: SSL connect attempt failed
   * TLSv1     FAILED: SSL connect attempt failed
 * cipher order by      : unknown
 * SNI supported        : certificate verify fails without SNI
 * certificate verified : FAIL: SSL connect attempt failed error:1416F086:SSL routines:tls_process_server_certificate:certificate verify failed
 * chain on ***.**.**.209
   * [0/0] bits=2048, ocsp_uri=, *******************************************************************************************************
   * [1/1] bits=2048, ocsp_uri=, *******************************************************
   * [2/2] bits=2048, ocsp_uri=, ****************************************************************

如何防止 IO::Socket::SSL 尝试从 LWP 建立 TLS 1.0 连接？

---

• Perl 5.26.2 MSWin32-x64-多线程(草莓)
• OpenSSL 1.1.0h 2018 年 3 月 27 日
• LWP 6.34
• 网络::HTTPS 6.18
• IO::套接字::SSL 2.056
• 网络::SSL 2.86

---

Steffen Ullrich 脚本的输出:

openssl version compiled=0x1010008f linked=0x1010008f -- OpenSSL 1.1.0h  27 Mar 2018
IO::Socket::SSL version=2.056
LWP::UserAgent version=6.34
LWP::Protocol::https version=6.07
Net::HTTPS version=6.18

Answer 1

由于 analyze-ssl.pl 可以工作，而我的测试脚本在指向同一台服务器时没有工作，所以我开始比较它们以找出不同之处。主要区别之一是 analyze-ssl.pl 尝试与 SSL_cipher_list => '' 建立连接，事实证明这就是问题所在。

更改我的 LWP::UserAgent 实例化解决了问题:

my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(ssl_opts => {
    verify_hostname => 0,
    SSL_cipher_list => '',
});