优化逻辑以从列表中过滤/提取数据的pythonic方法

Question

我有如下列表:

['1 (UID 3234 FLAGS (seen \\Seen))', '2 (UID 3235 FLAGS (\\Seen))',
 '3 (UID 3236 FLAGS (\\Deleted))', '4 (UID 3237 FLAGS (-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS))',
 '5 (UID 3241 FLAGS (-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS))', '6 (UID 3242 FLAGS (\\Seen))', 
 '7 (UID 3243 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '8 (UID 3244 FLAGS (\\Seen))', 
 '9 (UID 3245 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '10 (UID 3247 FLAGS (\\Seen))', 
'11 (UID 3252 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '12 (UID 3253 FLAGS (\\Deleted))', 
'13 (UID 3254 FLAGS ())', '14 (UID 3256 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '15 (UID 3304 FLAGS ())', 
'16 (UID 3318 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '17 (UID 3430 FLAGS (\\Seen))', 
'18 (UID 3431 FLAGS ())', '19 (UID 3434 FLAGS (\\Seen))', 
'20 (UID 3447 FLAGS (-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS))', '21 (UID 3478 FLAGS ())', 
'22 (UID 3479 FLAGS ())', '23 (UID 3480 FLAGS ())', '24 (UID 3481 FLAGS ())']

从这个列表中我想要三个不同的列表作为结果。我想要在列表上使用单次迭代的结果。

1. 所有 uids 的列表，即 [3234,3235,3236,3237,3241 .....]
2. Seen uids 列表，即 [3234,3235 ...] <-- 具有\Seen Flag 的项目的 uid
3. 已删除 uid 列表 即 [3236,3253] <-- 具有\Deleted 标志的项目的 uid

Answer 1

最好的办法是将您的数据转换成一个 dict 映射 UID 到 FLAGS，然后搜索它会很容易。所以数据看起来像这样:

{'3254': '', '3304': '', '3236': '\\Deleted', '3237': '-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS', '3234': 'seen \\Seen', '3235': '\\Seen', '3430': '\\Seen', '3431': '', '3252': '\\Seen', '3253':'\\Deleted', '3478': '', '3479': '', '3256': '\\Seen', '3481': '', '3480': '', '3318': '\\Seen', '3434': '\\Seen', '3243': '\\Seen', '3242': '\\Seen', '3241': '-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS', '3247': '\\Seen', '3245': '\\Seen', '3244': '\\Seen', '3447': '-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS'}

你可以这样做 using a Regular Expression匹配列表中的每个条目。如果我们让正则表达式在匹配中返回两个组，我们就可以轻松构建 dict。

所以我们最终得到这样的结果:

items = ['1 (UID 3234 FLAGS (seen \\Seen))', '2 (UID 3235 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '3 (UID 3236 FLAGS (\\Deleted))', '4 (UID 3237 FLAGS (-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS))', '5 (UID 3241 FLAGS (-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS))', '6 (UID 3242 FLAGS (\\Seen))',  '7 (UID 3243 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '8 (UID 3244 FLAGS (\\Seen))',  '9 (UID 3245 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '10 (UID 3247 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '11 (UID 3252 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '12 (UID 3253 FLAGS (\\Deleted))', '13 (UID 3254 FLAGS ())', '14 (UID 3256 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '15 (UID 3304 FLAGS ())', '16 (UID 3318 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '17 (UID 3430 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '18 (UID 3431 FLAGS ())', '19 (UID 3434 FLAGS (\\Seen))', '20 (UID 3447 FLAGS (-FLAGS \\Seen +FLAGS))', '21 (UID 3478 FLAGS ())', '22 (UID 3479 FLAGS ())', '23 (UID 3480 FLAGS ())', '24 (UID 3481 FLAGS ())']

import re
pattern = re.compile(r"\d+ \(UID (\d+) FLAGS \(([^)]*)\)\)")
values = dict(pattern.match(item).groups() for item in items)

然后我们可以轻松地查询 values 中的项目以获得您想要的:

print "All UIDs:",values.keys()
print "Seen UIDs:",[uid for uid,flags in values.iteritems() if r"\Seen" in flags]
print "Deleted UIDs:",[uid for uid,flags in values.iteritems() if r"\Deleted" in flags]