python - 变量的大小写折叠变化，因此输入与分配的变量之一匹配

Question

创建一个猜词游戏，secret_word 可以是任何变体，但我将如何编写程序识别的 secret_word 的不同变体？

在这种情况下， secret 词是“韩国”，我如何才能统一任何变体，或者我是否必须插入每种不同的变体？

secret_word = {"korea", "kOrea", "KoRea", "KoReA", "KOrea", "KORea", "Korea", "KOREA"}
guess = ""
guess_count = 0
guess_limit = 3
out_of_guesses = False

while guess != secret_word and not (out_of_guesses):
    if guess_count < guess_limit:
        guess = input("Guess a word: ")
        guess_count += 1
    else:
        out_of_guesses = True

if out_of_guesses:
print("Maybe Next time! You are out of guesses")
else:
    print("You win!")

Answer 1

简而言之:不区分大小写的检查是一个比乍看起来更难的问题。 str.casefold() function [python-doc]应该为此类比较生成一个字符串。

您检查输入字符串的 .casefold() 是否与要猜测的字符串的 .casefold() 相同，例如:

secret_word = 'korea'
guess_count = 0
guess_limit = 3

while guess_count < guess_limit:
    guess = input('Guess a word')
    if <b>guess.casefold() == secret_word.casefold()</b>:
        break
    else:
        guess_count += 1

if guess_count < guess_limit:
    print('You win')
else:
    print('You lose')

.casefold() 应该是Unicode standard生成一个可以进行不区分大小写比较的字符串。例如在德语中，eszett ß [wiki]大写映射到:

>>> 'ß'.lower()
'ß'
>>> 'ß'.upper()
'SS'
>>> 'SS'.lower()
'ss'
>>> 'ß'.lower() == 'SS'.lower()
False

而 .casefold() 将返回 ss:

>>> 'ß'.casefold()
'ss'
>>> 'ss'.casefold()
'ss'
>>> 'ß'.casefold() == 'SS'.casefold()
True

不区分大小写的比较结果是一个难题，因为某些字符没有等效的大写/小写等。