Python基础——重命名文件

Question

比如有5个文件要重命名，按照顺序1比1。

我可以通过将名称放入 Excel 电子表格并逐一重命名来实现。但是我想通过列表方式学习。

我尝试了以下方法:

import os

l = ['c:\\3536 OK-LKF.txt', 'c:\\2532 PK-HHY.txt', 'c:\\1256 OK-ASR.txt', 'c:\\521 OL-MRA.txt', 'c:\\2514 LP-GRW.txt']

ll = ['c:\\aa.txt', 'c:\\bb.txt', 'c:\\cc.txt', 'c:\\dd.txt', 'c:\\ee.txt']

for a in l:
    for b in ll:
        os.rename(a, b)

它不起作用，只有第一个文件被重命名。

从列表中进行操作的正确方法是什么？是否存在文件重命名但顺序不正确的风险？

Answer 1

问题是嵌套循环，看看它做了什么:

>>> l = ['c:\\3536 OK-LKF.txt', 'c:\\2532 PK-HHY.txt', 'c:\\1256 OK-ASR.txt', 'c:\\521 OL-MRA.txt', 'c:\\2514 LP-GRW.txt']
>>> 
>>> ll = ['c:\\aa.txt', 'c:\\bb.txt', 'c:\\cc.txt', 'c:\\dd.txt', 'c:\\ee.txt']
>>> for a in l:
...     for b in ll:
...         print('renaming {} to {}'.format(a,b))
... 
renaming c:\3536 OK-LKF.txt to c:\aa.txt
renaming c:\3536 OK-LKF.txt to c:\bb.txt
renaming c:\3536 OK-LKF.txt to c:\cc.txt
renaming c:\3536 OK-LKF.txt to c:\dd.txt
renaming c:\3536 OK-LKF.txt to c:\ee.txt
renaming c:\2532 PK-HHY.txt to c:\aa.txt
renaming c:\2532 PK-HHY.txt to c:\bb.txt
renaming c:\2532 PK-HHY.txt to c:\cc.txt
renaming c:\2532 PK-HHY.txt to c:\dd.txt
renaming c:\2532 PK-HHY.txt to c:\ee.txt
renaming c:\1256 OK-ASR.txt to c:\aa.txt
renaming c:\1256 OK-ASR.txt to c:\bb.txt
renaming c:\1256 OK-ASR.txt to c:\cc.txt
renaming c:\1256 OK-ASR.txt to c:\dd.txt
renaming c:\1256 OK-ASR.txt to c:\ee.txt
renaming c:\521 OL-MRA.txt to c:\aa.txt
renaming c:\521 OL-MRA.txt to c:\bb.txt
renaming c:\521 OL-MRA.txt to c:\cc.txt
renaming c:\521 OL-MRA.txt to c:\dd.txt
renaming c:\521 OL-MRA.txt to c:\ee.txt
renaming c:\2514 LP-GRW.txt to c:\aa.txt
renaming c:\2514 LP-GRW.txt to c:\bb.txt
renaming c:\2514 LP-GRW.txt to c:\cc.txt
renaming c:\2514 LP-GRW.txt to c:\dd.txt
renaming c:\2514 LP-GRW.txt to c:\ee.txt

你的程序可以通过遍历 zip(l,ll) 来修复:

for old, new in zip(l,ll):
    os.rename(old,new)