python - 每次函数运行时增加计数

Question

我刚开始学习 Python。我正在阅读一本书并制作一个基于文本的游戏。

所以我有一个房间。如果他/她进入房间 3 次但不知道该怎么做，我想让他/她死。

def spawn():
    count = 0
    count += 1
    print(count)
    print("You dropped down nearly to the magma.")
    print("There are four doors around you.")
    print("Which one do you take?")
    ch = input("Top, bottom, left or right? > ")
    if count = 4:
        dead("You wandered around too much and died.")
    else:
        print()

我试图通过打印来跟踪数字，但我无法让它增加。我做错了什么？

编辑:当我将 count 放在它给出的函数之外时:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "ex.py", line 147, in <module>
    spawn()
  File "ex.py", line 14, in spawn
    count += 1
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'count' referenced before assignment

Answer 1

好吧，在函数中，您每次都将一个局部变量设置为0，这意味着在函数完成后，该变量不再存在。

诀窍是使用在函数存在后保持“事件”状态的变量。例如，函数外部的变量，或者您可以将 属性 添加到您递增的函数中。后者的好处是更明确这是和功能相关的东西，比如:

def spawn():
    <b>spawn.count += 1</b>
    print(<b>spawn.count</b>)
    print("You dropped down nearly to the magma.")
    print("There are four doors around you.")
    print("Which one do you take?")
    ch = input("Top, bottom, left or right? > ")
    if <b>spawn.count</b> == 4:
        dead("You wandered around too much and died.")
    else:
        print()

<b>spawn.count = 0</b>

请注意，您还忘记了对 if 语句(相等检查与赋值)使用双等号 (==)。