c# - 如何根据 xml 节点的值将子对象反序列化为父对象列表(例如，List)？

Question

我有一个名为 VehicleInfo.xml 的 XML 文件。我想反序列化车辆列表中的 VehicleInfo。现在我有一个名为 Vehicle 的基类和三个名为 Car、Bike、Truck 的派生类。如何根据 xml 中车辆节点的值反序列化车辆的特定对象。(例如，如果节点值为 Car，则 car 的对象应存储在车辆列表中)

<Vehicles>
    <Vehicle>Car</Vehicle>
    <Vehicle>Bike</Vehicle>
    <Vehicle>Truck</Vehicle>
</Vehicles>

例如，

车辆列表类:

public class VehicleList
{
    List<Vehicle> lstVehicles = new List<Vehicle>();
}

车辆类别:

public class Vehicle
{
    public string name = "Vehicle";
}

汽车类:

public class Car : Vehicle
{
    public Car()
    {
        name = "Car";
    }
}

自行车类:

public class Bike : Vehicle
{
    public Bike()
    {
        name = "Bike";
    }
}

卡车类:

public class Truck : Vehicle
{
    public Truck()
    {
        name = "Truck";
    }
}

这个 Vehicle 程序只是例子，

那么，我如何根据节点 Vehicle 的值反序列化 VehicleList 类 Vehicle 列表中的特定对象(例如 Car、Bike 或 Truck)。

Answer 1

这是要序列化的代码和结果。 XML 不能将数组作为根元素。所以在这种情况下，有两个类是有意义的:Vehicles 和 Vehicle。请参阅下面的代码:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApplication107
{
    class Program
    {
        const string FILENAME = @"c:\temp\test.xml";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Vehicles vehicles = new Vehicles()
            {
                vehicles = new List<Vehicle>() {
                    new Car() { make = "BMW"},
                    new Bike() { make = "Buffalo"},
                    new Truck() { make = "MAC"}
                }
            };

            XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
            settings.Indent = true;

            XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(FILENAME, settings);
            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Vehicles));
            serializer.Serialize(writer, vehicles);

        }
    }

    public class Vehicles
    {
        [XmlElement("Vehicle")]
        public List<Vehicle> vehicles { get; set; }
    }
    [XmlInclude(typeof(Car))]
    [XmlInclude(typeof(Bike))]
    [XmlInclude(typeof(Truck))]
    public class Vehicle
    {
        public string make { get; set; }
    }
    public class Car : Vehicle
    {
    }
    public class Bike : Vehicle
    {
    }
    public class Truck : Vehicle
    {
    }
}

这是结果:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Vehicles xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <Vehicle xsi:type="Car">
    <make>BMW</make>
  </Vehicle>
  <Vehicle xsi:type="Bike">
    <make>Buffalo</make>
  </Vehicle>
  <Vehicle xsi:type="Truck">
    <make>MAC</make>
  </Vehicle>
</Vehicles>