python - 如果 python 中的某些文件类型移动文件和创建目录

Question

这可能是一个简单的问题，但我对 python 和一般编程都是全新的。

我正在开发一个简单的程序，用于将 .mp3 文件从一个位置复制/移动到另一个位置，同时镜像源位置的目录结构。到目前为止我所做的工作，但是即使源文件夹不包含 mp3 文件，它也会在目标位置创建新文件夹。如果源包含 .mp3，我只想创建新目录，否则它可能会导致目标中出现一堆空文件夹。

这是我目前所拥有的:

import os
import shutil #Used for copying files

##CONFIG
source_dir = "C:\Users\username\Desktop\iTunes\\" #set the root folder that you want to     scan and move files from.  This script will scan recursively.
destPath = "C:\Users\username\Desktop\converted From iTunes" #set the destination root that you want to move files to.  Any non-existing sub directories will be created.
ext = ".mp3" #set the type of file you want to search for.
count = 0 #initialize counter variable to count number of files moved
##

##FIND FILES
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(source_dir):

    #set the path for the destination folder(s)
    dest = destPath + dirName.replace(source_dir, '\\') 

    #if the source directory doesn't exist in the destination folder
    #then create a new folder
    if not os.path.isdir(dest):
        os.mkdir(dest)
        print('Directory created at: ' + dest)

    for fname in fileList:
        if fname.endswith(ext) :
            #determine source & new file locations
            oldLoc = dirName + '\\' + fname
            newLoc = dest + '\\' + fname

            if os.path.isfile(newLoc): # check to see if the file already exists.  If it does print out a message saying so.
                print ('file "' + newLoc + fname + '" already exists')

            if not os.path.isfile(newLoc): #if the file doesnt exist then copy it and print out confirmation that is was copied/moved
                try:
                    shutil.move(oldLoc, newLoc)
                    print('File ' + fname + ' copied.')
                    count = count + 1
                except IOError:
                    print('There was an error copying the file:  "' + fname + '"')
                    print 'error'            

print "\n"
print str(count) + " files were moved."
print "\n"

所以如果文件夹结构是这样的:

root->
 band 1->
  album name->
   song.m4a,
   song2.m4a

现在它会在目标目录中创建所有这些文件夹，即使没有要复制的 .mp3.....

感谢任何帮助!

Answer 1

我想我会为这类事情创建自己的副本包装器:

def fcopy(src,dest):
    """
    Copy file from source to dest.  dest can include an absolute or relative path
    If the path doesn't exist, it gets created
    """
    dest_dir = os.path.dirname(dest)
    try:
        os.makedirs(dest_dir)
    except os.error as e:
        pass #Assume it exists.  This could fail if you don't have permissions, etc...
    shutil.copy(src,dest)

现在您可以在任何 .mp3 文件上调用此函数来遍历树。