python - Seaborn OS X : seaborn. pairplot() ValueError: 'transform' must be an instance of 'matplotlib.transform.Transform'

Question

为了使 seaborn.pairplot() 正常工作，在 jupyter notebook 中执行了以下步骤。 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/matplotlib/transforms.pyc 中的错误停止了该函数的工作。

以下是 python 库版本:

print(matplotlib.__version__, sns.__version__)

('1.5.1', '0.7.1')

读取了 iris 数据集的 csv

data = pandas.read_csv('iris.csv')
data_no_nans = data.dropna()
sns.pairplot(data_no_nans)

错误信息:

ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-001343d0343b> in <module>()
----> 1 sns.pairplot(data)

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/seaborn/linearmodels.pyc in pairplot(data, hue, hue_order, palette, vars, x_vars, y_vars, kind, diag_kind, markers, size, aspect, dropna, plot_kws, diag_kws, grid_kws)
   1588                     hue_order=hue_order, palette=palette,
   1589                     diag_sharey=diag_sharey,
-> 1590                     size=size, aspect=aspect, dropna=dropna, **grid_kws)
   1591 
   1592     # Add the markers here as PairGrid has figured out how many levels of the

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/seaborn/axisgrid.pyc in __init__(self, data, hue, hue_order, palette, hue_kws, vars, x_vars, y_vars, diag_sharey, size, aspect, despine, dropna)
   1253         if despine:
   1254             utils.despine(fig=fig)
-> 1255         fig.tight_layout()
   1256 
   1257     def map(self, func, **kwargs):

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.pyc in tight_layout(self, renderer, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
   1752                                          renderer,
   1753                                          pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad,
-> 1754                                          rect=rect)
   1755 
   1756         self.subplots_adjust(**kwargs)

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/tight_layout.pyc in get_tight_layout_figure(fig, axes_list, subplotspec_list, renderer, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
    347                                      subplot_list=subplot_list,
    348                                      ax_bbox_list=ax_bbox_list,
--> 349                                      pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad)
    350 
    351     if rect is not None:

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/tight_layout.pyc in auto_adjust_subplotpars(fig, renderer, nrows_ncols, num1num2_list, subplot_list, ax_bbox_list, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
    126         tight_bbox_raw = union([ax.get_tightbbox(renderer) for ax in subplots])
    127         tight_bbox = TransformedBbox(tight_bbox_raw,
--> 128                                      fig.transFigure.inverted())
    129 
    130         row1, col1 = divmod(num1, cols)

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/matplotlib/transforms.pyc in __init__(self, bbox, transform, **kwargs)
   1080             msg = ("'transform' must be an instance of"
   1081                    " 'matplotlib.transform.Transform'")
-> 1082             raise ValueError(msg)
   1083         if transform.input_dims != 2 or transform.output_dims != 2:
   1084             msg = "The input and output dimensions of 'transform' must be 2"

ValueError: 'transform' must be an instance of 'matplotlib.transform.Transform'

Regplot 完美运行

sns.regplot(x="petal_length", y="petal_width", data=data)

编辑

我怀疑这与 matplotlib 的字体管理器出现故障有关。我从 ~/.cache/中删除了 fontconfig 和 spicy 目录，并收到一条新的错误消息:AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Locked'

AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-001343d0343b> in <module>()
----> 1 sns.pairplot(data)

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/seaborn/linearmodels.pyc in pairplot(data, hue, hue_order, palette, vars, x_vars, y_vars, kind, diag_kind, markers, size, aspect, dropna, plot_kws, diag_kws, grid_kws)
   1588                     hue_order=hue_order, palette=palette,
   1589                     diag_sharey=diag_sharey,
-> 1590                     size=size, aspect=aspect, dropna=dropna, **grid_kws)
   1591 
   1592     # Add the markers here as PairGrid has figured out how many levels of the

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/seaborn/axisgrid.pyc in __init__(self, data, hue, hue_order, palette, hue_kws, vars, x_vars, y_vars, diag_sharey, size, aspect, despine, dropna)
   1253         if despine:
   1254             utils.despine(fig=fig)
-> 1255         fig.tight_layout()
   1256 
   1257     def map(self, func, **kwargs):

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.pyc in tight_layout(self, renderer, pad, h_pad, w_pad, rect)
   1737         """
   1738 
-> 1739         from .tight_layout import (get_renderer, get_tight_layout_figure,
   1740                                    get_subplotspec_list)
   1741 

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/tight_layout.py in <module>()
     15 from matplotlib.transforms import TransformedBbox, Bbox
     16 
---> 17 from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
     18 rcParams = matplotlib.rcParams
     19 

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/matplotlib/font_manager.py in <module>()
   1448                 verbose.report("Using fontManager instance from %s" % _fmcache)
   1449         except:
-> 1450             _rebuild()
   1451     else:
   1452         _rebuild()

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/matplotlib/font_manager.py in _rebuild()
   1433 
   1434         if _fmcache:
-> 1435             with cbook.Locked(cachedir):
   1436                 json_dump(fontManager, _fmcache)
   1437 

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Locked'

Answer 1

所以我现在要回答我自己的问题。

我通过使用 Macports 虚拟环境解决了这个问题

sudo port selfupdate
sudo port install python27
sudo port install py27-virtualenv


/opt/local/bin/virtualenv-2.7 $HOME/local/python/27

添加到 .bash_profile:

alias py27="source $HOME/local/python/27/bin/activate"

在终端中运行以设置虚拟环境并使用 pip 安装所需的包。

py27
which pip
   $HOME/local/python/27/bin/pip
pip install ipython etc

奇怪的是自制软件安装出了问题，我想知道是否安装了任何冲突的包。

不确定是否相关，但这是我的 .bash_profile:

# some settings to prefer homebrew paths in case it exists:
if which -s brew ; then
    PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"
fi

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

这可能把事情搞砸了。