python - 如何用另一个函数停止一个函数？ (在 python 中)

Question

我正在编写一个 Flappy Bird，但我无法用另一个函数停止一个函数...我希望函数“fin”停止(鸟、地面和管道的)运动和鸟的跳跃(因此函数“位移”和“saut”)如果暂停 == 0 但我没有发现任何人想要同样的东西。

这就是我问这个的原因，也许答案真的很简单，但我就是不知道。

这是游戏的图片(这是下载图片压缩文件的 mediafire 链接)!

Here is the link ;)

 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Le jeu Flappy Bird

Création du jeu Flappy Bird pour le projet d'ISN...

"""

from tkinter import *
import random
from random import randint

def sauter(event):
    canvas.move(image_oiseau, 0, -10*DY)

def deplacement():
    global tuyx,tuyx2,h,H,oisx,oisy,solx,sol2x,score

    x0, y0, x1, y1 = canvas.bbox(image_oiseau)
    if y1 < 416 :
        canvas.move(image_oiseau, 0, DY)

    canvas.coords(image_sol,solx,512)  
    if solx >= -144:
        solx=solx-5
    else:
        solx=144

    canvas.coords(image_sol2,sol2x,512)
    if sol2x >= 144:
        sol2x=sol2x-5
    else:
        sol2x=432

    canvas.coords(image_tuyau_haut,tuyx,h)
    canvas.coords(image_tuyau_bas,tuyx,h-241)
    if tuyx>=-28:
        tuyx=tuyx-5
    else:
        tuyx=316
        h=randint(256,505)
        score+=1

    canvas.coords(image_tuyau_haut2,tuyx2,H)
    canvas.coords(image_tuyau_bas2,tuyx2,H-241)
    if tuyx2>=-28:
        tuyx2=tuyx2-5
    else:
        tuyx2=316
        H=randint(256,505)
        score+=1

    lscore.config(text=str(score))    
    canvas.after(40,deplacement)  

def debut():
    pause=1
    if pause==1:
        M.destroy()
        deplacement()
        canvas.bind("<space>",sauter)  

def fin():
    pause=0
    if pause==0:


def rejouer():
    global tuyx,tuyx2,oisx,oisy,solx,sol2x,score
    tuyx=316
    tuyx2=488
    oisx=67
    oisy=244
    solx=144
    sol2x=432
    score=0



LARGEUR = 286
HAUTEUR = 510
DY = 5
tuyx=316
tuyx2=488 
h=randint(256,505)
H=randint(256,505)
oisx=67
oisy=244
solx=144
sol2x=432
score=0


fenetre = Tk()
canvas = Canvas(fenetre, width=LARGEUR, height=HAUTEUR)

fond = PhotoImage(file="background-day.png")
fond2 = PhotoImage(file="background-night.png")
fond=[fond,fond2]
F= random.choice(fond)
canvas.create_image(144,256, anchor=CENTER,image=F)

tuyau_haut = PhotoImage(file="tuyau_vers_le_haut.png")
image_tuyau_haut = canvas.create_image(tuyx,h,anchor=CENTER,image=tuyau_haut)
image_tuyau_haut2 = canvas.create_image(tuyx2,H,anchor=CENTER,image=tuyau_haut)

tuyau_bas = PhotoImage(file="tuyau_vers_le_bas.png")
image_tuyau_bas = canvas.create_image(tuyx,h,anchor=CENTER,image=tuyau_bas)
image_tuyau_bas2 = canvas.create_image(tuyx2,H,anchor=CENTER,image=tuyau_bas)

sol = PhotoImage(file="sol-day.png")
image_sol = canvas.create_image(144,512, anchor=S,image=sol)
image_sol2 = canvas.create_image(432,512, anchor=S,image=sol)

oiseau = PhotoImage(file="yellowbird-midflap.png")
oiseau2 = PhotoImage(file="bluebird-midflap.png")
oiseau3 = PhotoImage(file="redbird-midflap.png")
oiseau=[oiseau,oiseau2,oiseau3]
O=random.choice(oiseau)
image_oiseau=canvas.create_image(oisx,oisy, anchor=W,image=O) 

lscore=Label(fenetre,text='0')
lscore.pack()

menu_debut=PhotoImage(file="menu_jeu.png")
M=Button(fenetre,image=menu_debut,relief=FLAT,command=debut)
Menu_w = canvas.create_window(144,256,window=M)

canvas.pack()
canvas.focus_set()

fenetre.mainloop() 

Answer 1

为了暂停动画，您可以使用after_cancel 停止after 方法。为此，您必须将对回调的引用分配给一个变量，并使用它来取消。

import random
import tkinter as tk


WIDTH, HEIGHT = 500, 500


def create_pipes():
    pipes = []
    for x in range(0, WIDTH, 40):
        y1 = random.randrange(50, HEIGHT - 50)
        y0 = y1 + 50
        pipes.append(canvas.create_line(x, 0, x, y1))
        pipes.append(canvas.create_line(x, y0, x, HEIGHT))
    return pipes


def move_pipes():
    global animate   #<-- must be global so the value assigned is available to the stop() function.
                     #    you probably want to refactor and use classes to avoid propagation of globals in your program.
    for pipe in pipes:
        canvas.move(pipe, -2, 0)
        x, y0, _, y1 = canvas.coords(pipe)
        if x < 0:
            canvas.coords(pipe, WIDTH+20, y0, WIDTH+20, y1)

    if random.randrange(0, 20) == 10:
        on_change()

    animate = root.after(40, move_pipes)  # <-- assign a reference to the global variable animate


def stop():
    root.after_cancel(animate)   # <-- use the reference to the callback to cancel it.


def on_change():
    global score
    score += 1
    score_variable.set(f'score: {score}')


root = tk.Tk()
tk.Button(root, text='start', command=move_pipes).pack()

animate = None   #<-- create a variable to hold a reference to the callback calls
tk.Button(root, text='stop', command=stop).pack()
score = 0
score_variable = tk.StringVar(root, f'score: {score}')
score_lbl = tk.Label(root, textvariable=score_variable)
score_lbl.pack()

canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=WIDTH, height=HEIGHT, bg="cyan")
canvas.pack()

pipes = create_pipes()

root.mainloop()