python - post_save 信号和关系

Question

我正在应用 post_save 信号来为每个对象应用用户权限，然后相应地过滤查询集。

我的模型是这样的:

class Project(models.Model):
    # Relations with other entities.
    employees = models.ManyToManyField('staff.Person', through='project.PersonProjectMembership',
                                       related_name='projects')
    research_groups = models.ManyToManyField('group.Group', related_name='projects',
                                             through='project.ProjectGroupMembership')
    departments = models.ManyToManyField('department.Department', related_name='projects',
                                         through='project.ProjectDepartmentMembership')

问题是:当我收到保存后信号时，虽然我已经输入了部门、研究组和员工的值，但它们似乎总是空的。有什么我错过的吗？

更新:在当前代码下方，尚未按预期工作。我已经通过 m2m_changed 更改了 post_save。

from django.db.models.signals import m2m_changed
from django.db import models
from django.dispatch.dispatcher import receiver

class Project(models.Model):
    employees = models.ManyToManyField('staff.Person', through='project.PersonProjectMembership',
    related_name='projects')

class PersonProjectMembership(models.Model):
    project = models.ForeignKey('project.Project', related_name="person_memberships")
    person = models.ForeignKey('staff.Person', related_name="project_memberships")
    lead = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    position = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    project_manager = models.BooleanField(
        default=False
    )

    class Meta:
        permissions = (
            ('view_personprojectmembership', _('View person project membership')),
        )

@receiver(m2m_changed, sender=Project.employees.through)
def _on_save_project_assign_privileges(sender, instance, action, reverse, model, pk_set, using, **kwargs):
    # [...]

解决方案

在我的项目模型中，我将 PersonProjectMembership 明确定义为 m2m 关系员工中的中间模型:

class Project(models.Model):
    # Relations with other entities.
    employees = models.ManyToManyField('staff.Person', through='project.PersonProjectMembership', related_name='projects')

我保存项目的时间线如下:

1. 项目.保存()
2. PersonProjectMembership.save()

所以很正常，在 Project.post_save employees 上仍然是空的。我必须做的是听取 PersonProjectMembership post_save 信号:

@receiver(post_save, sender=PersonProjectMembership)
def my_listener(**kwargs):
    # do stuff [...]

查看https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.ManyToManyField.through和 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/signals/

Answer 1

在深入研究我的代码并进行简单测试后，我按照 krasnoperov 的建议尝试了 m2m_changed 信号。我意识到，如果您明确声明一个“直通”模型(在我的例子中为“PersonProjectMembership”)，则此信号无法正常工作。

然后我又想了想，将我的方法链接到“PersonProjectMembership”的post_save 信号。这非常有效。